BVV Lab Chemicals

   BVV™ High Purity Isopropyl Alcohol 99% USP Isopropyl alcohol, also known as 2-propanol or rubbing alcohol, is one of the most common alcohol solutions.  The exact mechanism behind isopropanol’s disinfectant is not certain, however, it’s believed to kill cells through the process of denaturing cell proteins and DNA, dissolving cell lipoprotein membranes, and obstructing cellular metabolism. Isopropanol has a range of applications and uses across multiple industries, from medicine to cosmetics, and we explore this below.  Cleaning Agent for Extraction, Laboratory, and Medical Industries  In addition, 99% pure isopropyl alcohol serves as a cleaning agent for the laboratory, medical, and extraction industries. Mixed with water, this solution can be used as a rubbing-alcohol antiseptic. Quality solvents are vital for cleaning delicate electronics, extraction equipment, and other sensitive items. It also makes a perfect solution for surface disinfectant. 99% IPA evaporates cleanly and minimizes residual substances. Cleaning Agent for Home Care A truly versatile solution used in a variety of applications, isopropyl can also serve as a home cleaning remedy. For example, many window and toilet bowl cleaners contain isopropyl alcohol.  rubbing alcohol can dissolve icky residues such as chewing gum, sap, hairspray, and other difficult compounds from hands, surfaces, and more. Other ways isopropyl can be used:  Cleaning makeup brushes Cleaning blinds Cleaning sinks and chrome Deodorizing shoes Disinfecting computer mouse and keyboard  Disinfecting mobile phone Dissolving windshield frost Getting rid of fruit flies  Cleaning jewelry  Creating homemade sanitizer  Preventing ring around the collar  Cleaning stainless steel  Other Things to Note Spigots/Faucets are only compatible with 5 Gallon Jugs and must be purchased separately Trigger Sprayer is only compatible with 1QT and 1 Gallon sizes Isopropyl alcohol is a fast-evaporating solvent and industrial cleaning agent, intended for industrial or professional use only. It can be used as a solvent for gums, shellac, and essential oils. Can be used as a fuel additive.   Isopropyl Alcohol (liquid) - 99.8% Purity Shelf Life - 5 years Specific Gravity - 0.79 Vapor Pressure - 1psi @ 20°C Flash Point - 12°C Boiling Point - 82°C *Disclaimer: 1 Quart Bottles are exempt from additional Hazmat shipping charges and can ship immediately, Less paperwork for shipping is required for shipping only 1 single bottle per order.   BVV™ Isopropyl Alcohol SDS BVV™ Isopropyl Alcohol COA   Chemical Formula: C3H8O Molecular Weight: 60.096 g/mol CAS Registry Number: 67-63-0 Appearance Colorless Liquid Odor: Pungent Alcoholic odor Density 0.786 g/cm3 (20 °C) Boiling Point: 82.6 °C /180.7 °F Solubility in water: miscible GHS Pictograms: GHS Signal Word: Danger GHS Hazard Statements: H225, H302, H319, H336 GHS Precautionary Statements P210, P261, P305+P351+P338 UN Identification Number: 1219 Proper Shipping Name: Isopropanol Transport Hazard Class: 3 Packing Group: II DOT Placard: 

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35% Food Grade Hydrogen Peroxide This is the highest concentration of hydrogen peroxide we offer.   Our food-grade peroxide is clear, colorless, and free of any stabilizers or additives.  Peroxide is one of the most effective oxidizers and may be applied to food directly to food products.  Our peroxide is certified FCC (Food Chemical Codex).  It has been tested and verified for its quality and purity.    35% Food Grade Hydrogen Peroxide Certificate of Analysis 35% Food Grade Hydrogen Peroxide Safety Data Sheet Our food-grade hydrogen peroxide is 12x strength, when diluted you can make a remarkably large volume of 3% hydrogen peroxide that can be used for a wide variety of applications.   1 Quart 35% Makes 4.2 Gallons of 3% 1 Gallon 35% Makes 11.5 Gallons of 3% 5 Gallon 35% Makes 57.8 Gallons of 3% 55 Gallon 35% Makes 634 Gallons of 3%   Some applications include... Elevating Plant Growth: Diluted hydrogen peroxide supports healthy roots and elevated oxygen availability in the soil. Excellent Cleaner for Food Prep Environments: Hydrogen peroxide is a disinfectant, that kills viruses and various forms of bacteria. Bleaching: Diluted hydrogen peroxide is a mild bleaching agent that can be used to clean stains.  Cleansing Fresh Produce: Diluted hydrogen peroxide can be used to clean fruits and vegetables.  Mold and Mildew Removal: Hydrogen peroxides strong oxidative qualities breakdown mold and mildew with ease.  How to Dilute 35% Hydrogen Peroxide to 3% Hydrogen Peroxide: 35% food-grade hydrogen peroxide Deionized distilled water A clean, empty Gallon bottle for the final 3% hydrogen peroxide solution Measuring cup Funnel Safety goggles Rubber gloves Apron or old clothes Steps to perform dilution: Wear safety goggles, rubber gloves, an apron or old clothing to protect yourself from spills and splashes.  Choose a well-ventilated space. Mix 1 part 35% hydrogen peroxide with 11 parts distilled water. Example: Mix 1 cup hydrogen peroxide, with 11 cups of distilled water.  To be exact, this will make a slightly less than 3% solution of hydrogen peroxide – 2.92%. What Is Hydrogen Peroxide? Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) is a chemical compound composed of two hydrogen atoms and two oxygen atoms. It is a clear, colorless liquid with a slightly more viscous consistency than water. Hydrogen peroxide is commonly used for its powerful oxidizing properties and has a wide range of applications in various industries and household settings. What Are The Properties Of Hydrogen Peroxide? Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) is a clear, colorless liquid with several notable properties: Chemical Formula: H2O2 - It consists of two hydrogen atoms (H) and two oxygen atoms (O) linked by a single covalent bond, as well as a second oxygen atom connected to one of the hydrogen atoms by a single covalent bond. Molecular Weight: Approximately 34.01 grams per mole. Physical State: Hydrogen peroxide is a liquid at room temperature and pressure (25°C or 77°F). Odor: It has a slightly sharp and distinctive odor. Solubility: Hydrogen peroxide is miscible (mixes completely) with water in all proportions. Density: The density of hydrogen peroxide varies with concentration. A common concentration of 3% hydrogen peroxide has a density of approximately 1.01 grams per milliliter (g/mL). Boiling Point: The boiling point of hydrogen peroxide is approximately 150.2°C (302.4°F). Melting Point: Pure hydrogen peroxide does not have a distinct melting point because it decomposes before reaching a stable liquid state at atmospheric pressure. Reactivity: Hydrogen peroxide is a powerful oxidizing agent and is highly reactive with various substances, including organic compounds and some metals. It readily decomposes into water and oxygen when exposed to heat, light, or certain catalysts. Concentration: Hydrogen peroxide is available in various concentrations, with common household solutions typically being around 3%. Higher concentrations, such as 30% or 35%, are used in industrial and laboratory applications. pH: The pH of hydrogen peroxide solutions varies with concentration but is typically slightly acidic. Stability: Hydrogen peroxide solutions are not indefinitely stable and can decompose over time, especially when exposed to light, heat, or contaminants. Storing hydrogen peroxide in a cool, dark place in a well-sealed container helps preserve its stability. Safety: Concentrated hydrogen peroxide solutions can be hazardous and should be handled with care. Contact with skin or eyes should be avoided, and protective equipment may be required when working with high-concentration solutions. These properties make hydrogen peroxide a versatile chemical with various applications in industries ranging from healthcare and cosmetics to water treatment and rocket propulsion. The concentration and handling precautions should be considered based on the specific use and requirements of the application. What Is Hydrogen Peroxide Used For? Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) is used for a wide range of purposes in various industries and household settings due to its versatile properties. Some common uses of hydrogen peroxide include: Disinfectant and Antiseptic: Hydrogen peroxide is a common disinfectant and antiseptic agent. It is used to clean wounds, cuts, and minor injuries to prevent infection. In lower concentrations (typically 3%), it can be safely applied to the skin. Hair Bleaching and Dyeing: Many hair bleaching and hair dyeing products contain hydrogen peroxide as it can help break down the natural pigments in hair, lightening its color. Teeth Whitening: Hydrogen peroxide is used in some teeth whitening products and dental treatments to remove stains and discoloration from teeth. Cleaning Agent: It is used as a cleaning agent for surfaces, fabrics, and contact lenses due to its ability to break down and remove organic stains and deposits. Water Treatment: In water treatment processes, hydrogen peroxide can be used to remove contaminants, oxidize organic matter, and disinfect water supplies. Rocket Propellant: In the aerospace industry, highly concentrated hydrogen peroxide (usually around 90% purity) is used as a rocket propellant. Chemical Synthesis: Hydrogen peroxide is used in the synthesis of various chemicals and pharmaceuticals. Environmental Applications: It can be employed for soil and groundwater remediation, helping to break down pollutants and contaminants. Food Industry: In the food industry, hydrogen peroxide can be used for cleaning and disinfection of equipment and packaging materials. Cosmetics: It is used in some cosmetic and personal care products, such as hair dyes, hair bleaches, and skin creams. Textiles: Hydrogen peroxide is used in the textile industry to bleach fabrics and remove stains. Paper and Pulp Industry: It is used for bleaching paper pulp and improving the quality of paper products. Agriculture: In agriculture, hydrogen peroxide can be used as an oxygen source in soil, promoting plant growth. Medical and Laboratory Use: It is utilized for cleaning and sterilizing medical equipment and laboratory instruments. First Aid: Hydrogen peroxide is a household item for treating minor cuts and scrapes. The specific application and concentration of hydrogen peroxide used can vary depending on the intended purpose. Higher concentrations are typically used in industrial and chemical applications, while lower concentrations are common in household and personal care products. It's important to handle hydrogen peroxide with care, follow safety guidelines, and use the appropriate concentration for a given task. How Is Hydrogen Peroxide Produced? Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) is typically produced through one of two main methods: the anthraquinone process and the direct synthesis process. Both processes involve the reaction of hydrogen and oxygen in the presence of a catalyst to form hydrogen peroxide. Here's an overview of these two methods: Anthraquinone Process: This is the most common method for commercial hydrogen peroxide production. It involves a series of chemical reactions that use anthraquinone derivatives as catalysts. The process typically consists of the following steps: Hydrogenation: Anthraquinone derivatives are hydrogenated with hydrogen gas (H2) to form hydroquinone derivatives. Autoxidation: The hydroquinone derivatives react with oxygen (O2) to form anthraquinone derivatives again, while producing hydrogen peroxide in the process. Extraction: The hydrogen peroxide is then extracted from the reaction mixture. Oxidation of Anthraquinone: The anthraquinone derivatives are oxidized back to their original form for reuse in the process. Direct Synthesis Process: In this method, hydrogen and oxygen are directly combined to produce hydrogen peroxide using a catalyst. The reaction typically occurs in a gas-phase reactor, and the process is often referred to as the "direct synthesis" or "hydrogenation-oxygenation" process. Common catalysts used in this process include palladium or platinum on a support material. While these are the main methods for hydrogen peroxide production, there are other less common methods as well. The choice of production method depends on factors such as the desired concentration of hydrogen peroxide, production scale, and cost considerations. It's worth noting that hydrogen peroxide is a sensitive compound and can decompose over time, especially when exposed to heat, light, or contaminants. Therefore, it requires careful handling and storage to maintain its stability and effectiveness. Does Hydrogen Peroxide Expire? Hydrogen peroxide can degrade over time and may lose its effectiveness, so it can be said to have a shelf life rather than a strict expiration date. The shelf life of hydrogen peroxide depends on several factors, including its concentration, exposure to light, temperature, and how well it's stored. Here are some general guidelines: Concentration: Higher concentrations of hydrogen peroxide (e.g., 30% or 35%) tend to be more stable and have a longer shelf life compared to lower concentrations (e.g., 3% or 6%). Exposure to Light: Hydrogen peroxide is light-sensitive, and exposure to ultraviolet (UV) light can accelerate its decomposition. It is typically sold in brown or opaque containers to protect it from light. Temperature: Storage at higher temperatures can also speed up the decomposition of hydrogen peroxide. It should be stored at a cool, dry place away from heat sources. Contaminants: Contaminants or impurities can catalyze the decomposition of hydrogen peroxide. It's essential to keep the container tightly sealed and free from any potential contaminants. Age: Hydrogen peroxide degrades slowly over time, even when stored correctly. The rate of degradation is higher for lower concentrations. To maximize the shelf life and potency of hydrogen peroxide, follow these recommendations: Store it in its original, tightly sealed container. Keep it in a cool, dark place away from direct sunlight and heat sources. Check the expiration date on the container, if available. If you're unsure about the potency of an old bottle of hydrogen peroxide, consider testing it on a small, non-critical area before using it for medical or cleaning purposes. It's important to note that even if hydrogen peroxide has degraded, it may still be useful for some applications, such as cleaning and disinfecting surfaces. However, for medical or first-aid use, it's best to use hydrogen peroxide that is within its recommended shelf life to ensure its effectiveness. Is Hydrogen Peroxide Safe As Mouthwash? Hydrogen peroxide can be used as a mouthwash, but it should be used with caution and in a diluted form. Here are some important considerations: Dilution: Never use undiluted hydrogen peroxide as a mouthwash. It's too concentrated at its full strength and can cause irritation, burning, and tissue damage. Instead, dilute it with water. A common recommendation is to use a 3% hydrogen peroxide solution, which is typically sold in drugstores. Frequency: Do not use hydrogen peroxide as a mouthwash too frequently. Using it daily or excessively can lead to oral issues, including irritation and disruption of the natural balance of oral bacteria. Duration: When using hydrogen peroxide as a mouthwash, swish it around your mouth for a brief period, typically about 30 seconds, and then spit it out. Do not swallow it. Rinse Thoroughly: After using hydrogen peroxide as a mouthwash, rinse your mouth thoroughly with water to remove any residual hydrogen peroxide. Avoid Ingestion: Do not swallow hydrogen peroxide, even when diluted. Swallowing hydrogen peroxide can lead to stomach upset and other health issues. Consultation: Before using hydrogen peroxide as a mouthwash, it's a good idea to consult with your dentist or oral healthcare provider. They can provide guidance on its safe and appropriate use based on your specific oral health needs. Hydrogen peroxide can help kill harmful bacteria in the mouth and may be used as a short-term remedy for issues like canker sores or minor gum irritations. However, it is not a substitute for regular oral hygiene practices such as brushing, flossing, and using a fluoride-based mouthwash. If you experience any adverse reactions, such as severe irritation, burning, or pain, discontinue use immediately and consult a healthcare professional. It's important to use hydrogen peroxide as a mouthwash cautiously and in accordance with recommended guidelines to avoid potential side effects or harm to oral tissues. What Are The Hazards Of Hydrogen Peroxide? Hydrogen peroxide, while commonly used for various purposes, can pose certain hazards if mishandled or used improperly. Here are some of the potential hazards associated with hydrogen peroxide: Irritation and Burns: Hydrogen peroxide is a strong oxidizing agent and can cause skin and eye irritation upon contact. In higher concentrations or with prolonged exposure, it can lead to chemical burns. Ingestion: Ingesting concentrated hydrogen peroxide can be harmful and even life-threatening. It can cause gastrointestinal irritation, stomach pain, vomiting, and, in severe cases, internal burns or damage. Inhalation: Inhalation of hydrogen peroxide vapors can irritate the respiratory tract, leading to coughing, shortness of breath, and throat irritation. Explosive Hazards: Concentrated hydrogen peroxide solutions can be sensitive to shock, heat, or contamination with organic materials. This can lead to the potential for explosions or fires if mishandled. Skin Sensitization: Prolonged or repeated contact with hydrogen peroxide can lead to skin sensitization, where the skin becomes more sensitive or allergic to the chemical. Environmental Impact: Hydrogen peroxide can be harmful to aquatic life and the environment if not properly disposed of. It should not be released into natural waterways. hydrogen peroxide, consider the following precautions: Dilution: When using hydrogen peroxide, dilute it to the appropriate concentration for the intended purpose. Most household hydrogen peroxide solutions are 3%, while higher concentrations are used for industrial or medical applications. Protective Equipment: When handling concentrated hydrogen peroxide, wear appropriate personal protective equipment, including gloves and safety goggles. Ventilation: Use hydrogen peroxide in well-ventilated areas to minimize inhalation risks. First Aid: In case of skin or eye contact, rinse immediately with plenty of water. If ingested, seek medical attention. Storage: Store hydrogen peroxide in a cool, dark place away from flammable materials and heat sources. Dispose Properly: Dispose of hydrogen peroxide in accordance with local regulations. Do not pour it down drains or release it into the environment. Always follow the safety guidelines and instructions provided on the product label or by the manufacturer. If you have specific concerns or questions about handling hydrogen peroxide for a particular application, it's advisable to consult with a safety professional or chemical expert for guidance. How Can I Use Hydrogen Peroxide Safely? Using hydrogen peroxide safely involves taking appropriate precautions to minimize the risk of accidents or harm. Here are some guidelines for safe handling and use of hydrogen peroxide: Read the Label: Always read and follow the instructions and safety precautions provided on the hydrogen peroxide product label. Different concentrations may have different recommended uses and safety guidelines. Personal Protective Equipment (PPE): Wear appropriate personal protective equipment, including safety goggles or a face shield to protect your eyes. Use gloves made of materials that are compatible with hydrogen peroxide, such as nitrile or latex gloves. Ventilation: Use hydrogen peroxide in a well-ventilated area to minimize exposure to vapors. If you're using it in a confined space, consider using a fume hood or working near an open window or door. Concentration: Ensure that you are using the correct concentration of hydrogen peroxide for your specific application. Most household hydrogen peroxide solutions are typically 3%, but higher concentrations are available for industrial or medical use. Dilution: When diluting concentrated hydrogen peroxide, always add the hydrogen peroxide to water, not the other way around. This helps prevent splattering and potential reactions. Avoid Contaminants: Keep hydrogen peroxide away from organic materials (e.g., paper, cloth) and flammable substances, as it can react with them and potentially cause fires or explosions. Avoid Mixing: Do not mix hydrogen peroxide with other chemicals unless you are following a specific recipe or procedure that requires it. Mixing hydrogen peroxide with certain substances can be dangerous. First Aid: In case of skin contact, immediately rinse the affected area with plenty of water. If hydrogen peroxide comes into contact with your eyes, flush them with water for at least 15 minutes and seek medical attention if irritation persists. If ingested, do not induce vomiting. Seek medical attention immediately. Storage: Store hydrogen peroxide in a cool, dark place, away from direct sunlight and heat sources. Keep the container tightly closed when not in use. Disposal: Dispose of hydrogen peroxide in accordance with local regulations. Do not pour it down drains or release it into the environment. Emergency Response: Have access to an emergency eyewash station and safety shower if you are working with concentrated hydrogen peroxide. Keep a spill kit and appropriate cleanup materials on hand in case of accidents. Training: Ensure that individuals handling hydrogen peroxide are trained in its safe use and understand the potential hazards. If you are unsure about how to use hydrogen peroxide safely for a specific application, consider seeking guidance from a safety professional or chemical expert. Always exercise caution and pr

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BVV™ Ultra High Purity N-Heptane Denatured Ethanol - CDA 12A HAZMAT ITEMS ARE NON-REFUNDABLE. ALL SALES ARE FINAL (Note: Container style and color may vary) BVV's Ultra High Purity N-Heptane Denatured Ethanol (CDA 12A) is distinguished by its exceptional purity, Our CDA 12A formulation combines 95% Food Grade/USP/ACS 200 Proof Ethanol, derived from corn, with 5% high-purity N-Heptane. Adhering to stringent industry standards, ensuring it meets the precise requirements of our customers, our Ultra High Purity Heptane Denatured Ethanol excels across diverse applications widely adopted as an effective botanical extraction solvent and cleaning agent. Being that our Ultra High Purity Denatured Ethanol is made unfit for consumption when denatured with N-Heptane it is not subject to the Federal Excise Tax on alcohol saving you up to 72% without compromising on it suitability for top-tier extractions.  Primarily utilized as pure ethanol in extraction processes, this solvent is favored for its cost-effectiveness and extraction efficiency.  Reduce manufacturing costs and increase extraction efficiency with BVV's Ultra High Purity Heptane Denatured Ethanol. Spigots/Faucets are only compatible with 5 Gallon Plastic Jugs and must be purchased separately Key Features: Significantly Reduced Cost due to the absence of Federal Tax Produces Exceptional Quality Extractions Leaves No Residuals or Tastes Evaporates Completely in a Rotary Evaporator BVV™ 710 Extraction Solvent Safety Data Sheet  Specifications Vapor Pressure: 40.9mmHg at 20°C UN Number 1170 Density: 0.7905g/cm³ Specific Gravity 0.7905 Flash Point: 13.9°C (57°F) Boiling Point: 78.5°C (173°F) Melting Point: -90.0°C (-130°F) Chemical Formula: Ethanol C2H6ON-Heptane C7H16 CAS#(s) Ethanol 64-17-5N-Heptane142-82-5 Chemical Formula: Ethanol C2H6ON-Heptane C7H16 Molecular Weight: 72.1057 CAS Registry Number: Ethanol 64-17-5N-Heptane142-82-5 Appearance Colorless Liquid Odor: Mint or acetone-like Density  0.7905g/cm³ Boiling Point: 78.5c/173.3F Solubility in water: Miscible GHS Pictograms: GHS Signal Word: Danger GHS Hazard Statements: H225, H319 GHS Precautionary Statements P210, P233, P240, P241, P242, P243, P261, P264, P271, P280, P303+P361+P353, P304+P340, P305+P351+P338, P312, P337+P313, P370+P378, P403+P233, P403+P235, P405, P501 UN Identification Number: 1987 Proper Shipping Name: Alcohols, N.O.S Transport Hazard Class: 3 Packing Group: I DOT Placard: What is Denatured Ethanol? Denatured ethanol, also known as denatured alcohol, is ethanol (ethyl alcohol) that has been rendered unfit for human consumption by the addition of denaturants. Denaturants are typically chemicals that make the ethanol taste bad or have toxic effects, and they are added to discourage people from drinking the substance. The denaturation process is done to avoid the high taxes and regulations associated with beverage alcohol, as denatured ethanol is intended for industrial, pharmaceutical, or cosmetic uses rather than for consumption. Common denaturants include heptane, methanol, isopropyl alcohol, acetone, and other chemicals. Denatured ethanol is widely used in various industries, such as in the production of paints, solvents, cleaning products, and as a fuel for alcohol burners. Why is Ethanol Denatured? Ethanol is denatured, or rendered undrinkable, for several reasons: Tax Purposes: Denaturing ethanol allows for the imposition of lower taxes on industrial or non-beverage alcohol compared to potable alcohol. Governments often place higher excise taxes on alcohol intended for human consumption. Regulatory Compliance: Denaturing ethanol is a regulatory requirement to discourage the illegal diversion of tax-free industrial alcohol for beverage use. The addition of denaturants makes it unpalatable and unsafe for consumption. Public Safety: Making ethanol undrinkable helps prevent accidental or intentional ingestion of industrial alcohol, which can be toxic. Denaturing agents are chosen to deter people from attempting to use denatured alcohol as a substitute for beverage alcohol. Industrial Use: Denatured ethanol is widely used in various industries, including pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, and manufacturing. It serves as a solvent, fuel, or raw material in these applications. Common denaturants include substances like heptane, methanol, isopropanol, and various chemicals that make the alcohol unsuitable for human consumption while maintaining its usability in industrial processes. The specific denaturing formulations, such as CDA 12-A mentioned earlier, are defined by regulatory agencies to ensure compliance with safety and tax regulations. What is denatured ethanol used for? Denatured ethanol is used for various industrial and commercial purposes where the alcohol is needed for its properties but should not be consumed. Here are some common applications: Industrial Solvent: Denatured ethanol is widely used as a solvent in industries such as pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, and manufacturing. It is effective in dissolving a variety of substances. Cleaning Agent: Due to its solvent properties, denatured ethanol is used as a cleaning agent for surfaces, equipment, and machinery in industrial and commercial settings. Fuel Additive: Denatured ethanol is sometimes used as a fuel additive, especially in the blending of gasoline. It can improve combustion efficiency and reduce emissions. Paint and Coating Industry: It is used as a solvent in the formulation of paints, varnishes, and coatings. Pharmaceuticals: Denatured ethanol is used in the pharmaceutical industry for various purposes, including the extraction of medicinal compounds. Laboratory Use: In laboratories, denatured ethanol is often used for tasks like sterilization and as a solvent for experiments. Inks and Dyes: It is employed in the production of inks and dyes due to its ability to dissolve pigments. Adhesives and Sealants: Denatured ethanol is used in the formulation of adhesives and sealants. Window Cleaning: It is used in commercial window cleaning solutions. Automotive Industry: In the automotive industry, denatured ethanol is used for cleaning and degreasing. What can be used to denature ethanol? Here are examples of common Completely Denatured Alcohol (CDA) formulations used to denature ethanol: CDA 12-A  To every 100 gallons of alcohol, add either: Five gallons of heptane or 5 gallons of toluene. CDA-19  To every 100 gallons of ethyl alcohol (not less than 160 proof), add: 4.0 gallons of either methyl isobutyl ketone, mixed isomers of nitro propane, or methyln-butyl ketone 1.0 gallon of either kerosene, deodorized kerosene, gasoline, unleaded gasoline, rubber hydrocarbon solvent, or heptane. CDA-20 To every 100 gallons of ethyl alcohol (not less than 195 proof), add a total of: 2.0 gallons of either unleaded gasoline, rubber hydrocarbon solvent, kerosene, or deodorized kerosene, or any combination of these. What does CDA mean? Completely Denatured Alcohol (CDA) is a type of denatured alcohol that has been rendered unfit for human consumption by the addition of denaturing agents. Denatured alcohol is ethanol (ethyl alcohol) that has been intentionally adulterated to make it toxic, foul-tasting, or otherwise undrinkable. This denaturing process is done to exempt the alcohol from excise duty and other taxes, as it's not intended for use in beverages. The denaturing agents used in CDA can vary, but they often include chemicals such as methanol, isopropanol, or other substances that make the alcohol unpalatable and potentially harmful if ingested. The specific formulation of denatured alcohol may be regulated by government authorities to ensure it meets safety standards and legal requirements. CDA is commonly used in industrial applications, as a solvent, fuel, or as a cleaning agent. It's important to note that due to the addition of denaturing agents, CDA should not be used for purposes that involve contact with the human body or ingestion. Safety precautions, including proper ventilation, should be followed when working with denatured alcohol. What is CDA 12A? CDA 12-A is a formulation specified by the Alcohol and Tobacco Tax and Trade Bureau (TTB) for Completely Denatured Alcohol (CDA). The formula is defined under §21.26 as Formula No. 12-A. The composition of CDA 12-A is as follows: For every 100 gallons of alcohol, add either: 5 gallons of n-heptane or 5 gallons of toluene. This denaturing process renders the ethanol unfit for consumption while meeting regulatory requirements for various industrial applications. CDA formulations, including CDA 12-A, are used to denature ethanol for purposes such as industrial solvents, cleaning agents, and manufacturing processes. Can you remove heptane from CDA 12A? When n-Heptane is added to ethanol it creates an azeotrope between the ethanol and n-heptane. An azeotrope is defined as a mixture of two liquids that have a constant boiling point and composition through distillation. This azeotrope results in the ethanol and n-heptane evaporating at the same temperature, making it extremely difficult to separate the two through distillation. While these azeotropic solvents are still easily recovered from a botanical extract at a relatively low boiling point around 78C/173F using a rotary evaporator or falling film evaporator, it is near impossible to separate the two via distillation. What is an Azeotrope? An azeotrope is a mixture characterized by having identical concentrations in both its vapor and liquid phases. This stands in contrast to ideal solutions, where one component is usually more volatile than the other, allowing for separation through distillation. When an azeotrope forms, the concentrations in both phases remain the same, hindering separation through traditional distillation methods. Azeotropes consist of a blend of at least two different liquids, and this mixture can exhibit either a higher or lower boiling point than either of its individual components. Azeotropes become relevant when certain liquid fractions resist alteration through distillation processes. In typical mixtures, components can be extracted using Fractional Distillation, a process involving repeated distillation stages. The more volatile component vaporizes and is collected separately, while the less volatile component remains in the distillation container, resulting in two distinct, pure solutions.

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BVV™ ULTRA High Purity Lab Grade N-Heptane  99.3% Purity HAZMAT ITEMS ARE NON-REFUNDABLE. ALL SALES ARE FINAL   (Note: Container style and color may vary) Spigots/Faucets are only compatible with 5 Gallon Plastic Jugs and must be purchased separately Trigger Sprayer is only compatible with 1QT and 1 Gallon sizes BVV™ ULTRA High Purity Lab Grade N-Heptane is a perfect solution for cleaning up and clarifying the extracted material and removing the green colored plant material and some waxes out of the product to produce a cleaner end result when distilling extracts. Heptane can be used the same as hexane or as a solvent, but has a higher boiling point when needing to remove residuals from extracted material. BVV™ N-Heptane SDS BVV™ N-Heptane COA Chemical Formula: C7H16 Molecular Weight: 100.205 g·mol−1 CAS Registry Number: 142-82-5 Appearance Colorless Liquid Odor: Petrolic Density 0.6795 g cm−3 Boiling Point: 98.38 °C /209.08 °F Solubility in water: 0.0003% (20 °C GHS Pictograms: GHS Signal Word: Danger GHS Hazard Statements: H225, H304, H315, H336, H410 GHS Precautionary Statements P210, P261, P273, P301+P310, P331 UN Identification Number: 1206 Proper Shipping Name: Heptanes Transport Hazard Class: 3 Packing Group: II DOT Placard:  

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BVV™ High Purity Lab Grade Heptane HAZMAT ITEMS ARE NON-REFUNDABLE. ALL SALES ARE FINAL   (Note: Container style and color may vary) Spigots/Faucets are only compatible with 5 Gallon Plastic Jugs and must be purchased separately Trigger Sprayer is only compatible with 1QT and 1-gallon sizes   Experience the Exceptional Utility of BVV™ High Purity Lab Grade Heptane in Crystallization and Liquid-Liquid Extraction When it comes to achieving impeccable results in crystallization and liquid-liquid extraction processes, BVV™ High Purity Lab Grade Heptane stands out as the ideal choice. This versatile solvent has been meticulously refined to meet the exacting standards of laboratory and industrial applications, offering unparalleled purity and performance. Why Choose BVV™ High Purity Lab Grade Heptane: Unrivaled Purity: Our heptane boasts an exceptional level of purity, minimizing unwanted impurities and contaminants in your final products. Reliable Performance: Count on BVV™ High Purity Lab Grade Heptane to consistently deliver outstanding results, batch after batch. Versatile Solvent: From crystallization to liquid-liquid extraction, this solvent adapts to various applications, providing flexibility and convenience. Trusted by Professionals: Trusted by laboratories, industries, and professionals worldwide, BVV™ High Purity Lab Grade Heptane is the go-to choice for achieving exceptional purity and clarity in your processes. Elevate your crystallization and liquid-liquid extraction procedures to new heights of precision and quality with BVV™ High Purity Lab Grade Heptane. Discover the difference that purity and performance can make in your applications. Choose BVV™ High Purity Lab Grade Heptane for your next project and unlock the full potential of your crystallization and liquid-liquid extraction processes. COA Heptane SDS Heptane Chemical Formula: C7H16 Molecular Weight: 100.205 g·mol−1 CAS Registry Number: 142-82-5 Appearance Colorless Liquid Odor: Petrolic Density 0.6795 g cm−3 Boiling Point: 98.38 °C /209.08 °F Solubility in water: 0.0003% (20 °C GHS Pictograms: GHS Signal Word: Danger GHS Hazard Statements: H225, H304, H315, H336, H410 GHS Precautionary Statements P210, P261, P273, P301+P310, P331 UN Identification Number: 1206 Proper Shipping Name: Heptanes Transport Hazard Class: 3 Packing Group: II DOT Placard: What is Heptane? Heptane is a hydrocarbon compound belonging to the alkane family, which means it consists of hydrogen and carbon atoms arranged in a linear, unbranched chain. Specifically, heptane has seven carbon atoms and sixteen hydrogen atoms, giving it the chemical formula C7H16. It is a colorless, flammable liquid with a gasoline-like odor. Heptane is one of several isomers of the alkane series with seven carbon atoms. It is known for its role as a common solvent in various applications, including laboratory work, chemical processes, and industrial settings. Due to its purity and low reactivity, heptane is often used as a standard reference compound in gas chromatography. Heptane is also used as a fuel component in gasoline, although it is less common than other hydrocarbons like octane. Its properties and applications make it a valuable chemical compound in both the scientific and industrial sectors. What Is Heptane Used For? Heptane has a wide range of applications due to its properties as a hydrocarbon solvent. Some of the common uses of heptane include: Solvent: Heptane is widely used as a solvent in various industries, including chemistry, pharmaceuticals, and manufacturing. It is especially favored for its ability to dissolve a wide range of organic compounds and its low reactivity, which makes it suitable for cleaning, degreasing, and extracting chemicals from natural products. Laboratory and Scientific Research: Heptane is often used in laboratories for tasks such as extracting natural products, preparing chemical samples, and conducting chromatography experiments. Its purity and low reactivity make it a valuable solvent in scientific research. Industrial Cleaning: Heptane is an effective degreaser and cleaner for machinery, equipment, and surfaces in industrial settings. It is commonly used to remove oil, grease, and contaminants from various surfaces. Adhesives and Coatings: Heptane is used in the formulation of adhesives, coatings, and paints. It helps dissolve the components of these products and provides them with the desired consistency. Fuel: While less common than other hydrocarbons like octane, heptane is used as a component in gasoline. It contributes to the overall fuel mixture, affecting properties such as octane rating and combustion characteristics. Extraction: Heptane is employed in the extraction of natural compounds, such as essential oils and flavors, from plant materials. It is particularly useful for extracting nonpolar compounds. Calibration Standard: Heptane is used as a reference compound in gas chromatography and other analytical techniques to calibrate instruments and assess the performance of chromatographic columns. Solvent for Rubber and Plastics: In the rubber and plastics industry, heptane is used as a solvent for processing and manufacturing these materials. Chemical Synthesis: Heptane can be used as a reactant or solvent in chemical synthesis processes to produce various organic compounds. It's important to note that heptane should be handled with care, especially in industrial and laboratory settings, due to its flammability and potential health hazards. Proper safety measures and ventilation are essential when working with this solvent. How Is Heptane Produced? Heptane is primarily produced through the refining of crude oil, a process that separates hydrocarbons of different chain lengths. Here's a simplified overview of the production process: Crude Oil Refining: The production of heptane begins with the refining of crude oil, which contains a mixture of hydrocarbons with varying chain lengths and properties. Fractional Distillation: In the refining process, crude oil is heated and subjected to fractional distillation. This process separates the crude oil into various fractions based on boiling points. Heptane falls within a specific range of boiling points and is separated from other hydrocarbons during this distillation process. Fraction Separation: Once the appropriate fraction is obtained, further separation may be necessary to isolate pure heptane. This can involve additional distillation or purification techniques to remove impurities and other hydrocarbons. Quality Control: The resulting heptane undergoes quality control measures to ensure that it meets the required specifications and purity standards for its intended applications. Quality control may include testing for impurities, moisture content, and other properties. Packaging and Distribution: After quality control, heptane is packaged into containers suitable for its intended use and distribution to various industries and customers. It's worth noting that heptane can also be produced synthetically through chemical processes, such as the hydrogenation of hexene or the cracking of longer hydrocarbon chains. However, the primary source of heptane for industrial and commercial applications is typically derived from crude oil refining due to its cost-effectiveness and abundance. What Are The Hazards Of Heptane? Heptane, a highly flammable hydrocarbon, poses several hazards that individuals and workers should be aware of when handling or working with it. Here are some of the key hazards associated with heptane: Flammability: Heptane is extremely flammable and can ignite easily in the presence of open flames, sparks, or heat sources. It has a wide flammable range and can form explosive mixtures with air. Adequate ventilation and proper storage precautions are essential to prevent fires and explosions. Vapor Inhalation: Inhaling heptane vapors can lead to health risks, including dizziness, headaches, nausea, and respiratory irritation. Prolonged exposure to high concentrations of heptane vapor can result in more severe health effects, such as central nervous system depression and damage to the respiratory system. Skin Contact: Heptane can cause skin irritation and may lead to dermatitis or chemical burns upon prolonged or repeated contact. It can also defat the skin, removing protective oils and potentially resulting in dryness and cracking. Eye Contact: Contact with heptane can cause eye irritation, redness, and discomfort. Proper eye protection, such as safety goggles or a face shield, should be worn when handling heptane to prevent eye exposure. Ingestion: Swallowing heptane can be harmful and should be avoided. Ingestion of heptane may lead to gastrointestinal distress, nausea, vomiting, and abdominal pain. Environmental Impact: Spills or improper disposal of heptane can have negative environmental consequences. Heptane is volatile and can contribute to air pollution. It may also contaminate soil and water if not handled and disposed of properly. Occupational Exposure Limits (OELs): Regulatory authorities, such as OSHA in the United States, have established occupational exposure limits for heptane to protect workers. Adhering to these limits and implementing proper safety measures in the workplace is essential to mitigate exposure risks. It's crucial to handle heptane with caution, follow safety protocols, and use appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE) when working with this solvent. Additionally, safe storage, handling, and disposal practices are essential to minimize the associated hazards and ensure workplace safety. How Can I Safely Use Heptane? Safely using heptane requires following proper procedures and precautions to minimize risks associated with this flammable solvent. Here are some essential guidelines for the safe handling and use of heptane: Personal Protective Equipment (PPE): Wear appropriate PPE, including safety goggles or a face shield, chemical-resistant gloves, lab coats, and closed-toe shoes, to protect your eyes, skin, and clothing from exposure to heptane. Ventilation: Work in a well-ventilated area or use a chemical fume hood to prevent the buildup of heptane vapors. Ensure adequate airflow to disperse fumes. No Open Flames or Sparks: Avoid open flames, sparks, or heat sources in the vicinity of heptane. Heptane is highly flammable and can ignite easily. Electrical Equipment: Use explosion-proof or intrinsically safe electrical equipment and fixtures in areas where heptane is used or stored. Storage: Store heptane in approved safety containers, away from heat sources, direct sunlight, and incompatible materials. Keep containers tightly sealed when not in use. Handling and Transfer: Use spark-resistant tools and equipment when handling heptane. Avoid rough handling or transferring the solvent near open flames or hot surfaces. Spill Response: Have spill response materials, such as absorbent materials and spill kits, readily available to contain and clean up any heptane spills promptly. Labeling: Clearly label heptane containers with appropriate hazard warnings and information to identify the contents. Emergency Equipment: Maintain access to safety equipment, including emergency eyewashes, safety showers, and fire extinguishers, in the workspace. Training: Ensure that personnel handling heptane receive proper training on its hazards, safe handling procedures, and emergency response protocols. Avoiding Skin Contact: Minimize skin contact with heptane. In case of contact, wash the affected area immediately with soap and water. Use barrier creams or protective clothing as an additional precaution. Eye Protection: Wear safety goggles or a face shield to protect your eyes from splashes or accidental exposure. No Smoking or Eating: Prohibit smoking, eating, or drinking in areas where heptane is present, as ingestion or inhalation of heptane can be harmful. Disposal: Follow proper waste disposal procedures for heptane and other hazardous materials. Dispose of waste in accordance with local regulations. Emergency Response: Establish and communicate emergency response procedures for heptane-related incidents, including fire, spills, and exposure incidents. Regular Inspections: Conduct regular inspections of equipment, storage areas, and safety measures to ensure they remain in good condition. It's essential to adhere to safety guidelines, have safety protocols in place, and prioritize the well-being of personnel when working with heptane. Always consult safety data sheets (SDS) and regulatory guidelines specific to heptane in your region for additional safety information and requirements. What Is The Boiling Point Of Heptane? The boiling point of heptane is approximately 98 degrees Celsius or 208 degrees Fahrenheit. Is Heptane Miscable With Water? Heptane is not miscible with water. It is considered hydrophobic, which means it does not mix well with water and tends to form separate layers when combined. What Is The Flash Point Of Heptane?  The flash point of heptane, specifically n-heptane, is approximately -4 degrees Celsius (24.8 degrees Fahrenheit). This is the temperature at which it can produce enough vapor to ignite briefly if exposed to an open flame or spark. Heptane is considered highly flammable and should be handled with caution in environments where there is a risk of ignition.

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BVV™ High Purity Lab Grade N-Pentane 99% HAZMAT ITEMS ARE NON-REFUNDABLE. ALL SALES ARE FINAL   (Note: Container style and color may vary) BVV™ High Purity Lab Grade n-Pentane 99% is a hydrocarbon that has properties that are similar to butanes and hexanes. Pentane is a non-polar solvent and refrigerant. Pentane is used for the extraction and eluting of distillates, concentrates, volatiles, and essential oils from plant materials. Pentane can be used with hydrocarbon extraction systems that extract herbal oils, botanical compounds and oils from plants. It is a colorless liquid and has a petroleum-like odor.    N-Pentane SDS N-Pentane COA   Chemical Formula: C5H12 Molecular Weight: 72.151 g·mol−1 CAS Registry Number: 109-66-0 Appearance Colorless Liquid Odor: Gasoline-like Density 0.6262 g/mL (20 °C) Boiling Point: 35.9°C /96.5 °F Solubility in water: 40 mg/L (20 °C) GHS Pictograms:     GHS Signal Word: Danger GHS Hazard Statements: H225, H304, H336, H411 GHS Precautionary Statements P210, P261, P273, P301+P310, P331 UN Identification Number: 1265 Proper Shipping Name: Pentanes Transport Hazard Class: 3 Packing Group: II DOT Placard:   What Is N-Pentane? N-Pentane, also known as normal pentane, is a straight-chain alkane hydrocarbon with the molecular formula C5H12. It is one of the isomers of pentane, a hydrocarbon that consists of five carbon atoms bonded together in a linear, unbranched chain. n-Pentane is called "normal" because its carbon atoms are arranged in a continuous, straight chain, without any branching. What Are The Properties Of N-Pentane? Here are some of the key properties of n-pentane: Physical State: At room temperature and standard atmospheric pressure, n-pentane is a colorless, clear, and highly flammable liquid. Odor: It has a gasoline-like or organic solvent-like odor. Boiling Point: The boiling point of n-pentane is approximately 36.1 degrees Celsius (97 degrees Fahrenheit). This relatively low boiling point makes it useful in various applications. Density: The density of n-pentane at room temperature is about 0.626 grams per milliliter (g/mL). It is less dense than water, which has a density of 1 g/mL. Solubility: n-Pentane is sparingly soluble in water, which means it does not readily mix with water. This is because it is a nonpolar compound, and water is a polar solvent. However, it is highly soluble in nonpolar solvents and organic compounds. Flammability: n-Pentane is highly flammable and poses a fire hazard. It has a low flash point and can easily ignite when exposed to an open flame or heat source. Vapor Pressure: It has a relatively high vapor pressure at room temperature, meaning it readily evaporates into the air. Chemical Structure: As a straight-chain alkane, n-pentane consists of five carbon atoms bonded together in a linear fashion, with 12 hydrogen atoms bonded to these carbons. Molar Mass: The molar mass of n-pentane is approximately 72.15 grams per mole (g/mol). Reactivity: n-Pentane is relatively unreactive under normal conditions and does not readily undergo chemical reactions with common reagents. Uses: It is used as a laboratory solvent, industrial solvent, component in fuel blends, foam blowing agent, and as a chemical reagent in various applications. Safety Precautions: Due to its high flammability, proper safety precautions should be taken when handling n-pentane. It should be stored away from open flames, sparks, and heat sources. Environmental Impact: Like other hydrocarbons, the combustion of n-pentane releases carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases into the atmosphere, contributing to climate change. n-Pentane is commonly employed in laboratory and industrial settings as a solvent, and its physical and chemical properties make it suitable for various applications. However, its flammability requires careful handling and storage to prevent accidents. What Is The Difference between N-Pentane and ISO-Pentane? n-Pentane and isopentane are two different structural isomers of pentane, each with distinct molecular arrangements. Here are the key differences between n-pentane and isopentane: Structural Arrangement: n-Pentane (Normal Pentane): n-Pentane has a linear, straight-chain structure with five carbon atoms connected in a continuous, unbranched chain. It is sometimes referred to as "normal" pentane due to its unbranched structure. Isopentane (2-Methylbutane): Isopentane has a branched-chain structure with one methyl (CH3) group branching off from the second carbon atom (C2) of the main carbon chain. This branching gives it its common name, "isopentane." Physical Properties: n-Pentane: n-Pentane is a clear, colorless liquid at room temperature and atmospheric pressure. It has a higher boiling point than isopentane and is less volatile. Isopentane: Isopentane is also a clear, colorless liquid at room temperature, but it has a lower boiling point compared to n-pentane. It is more volatile and evaporates more easily. Boiling Points: n-Pentane: The boiling point of n-pentane is approximately 36.1 degrees Celsius (97 degrees Fahrenheit). Isopentane: The boiling point of isopentane is lower, at approximately -11.7 degrees Celsius (11 degrees Fahrenheit). This lower boiling point makes it more suitable for certain applications. Applications: n-Pentane: n-Pentane is used as a laboratory solvent, in the formulation of industrial solvents, and as a component in gasoline and other fuels. Its relatively higher boiling point makes it less volatile and suitable for some applications where slow evaporation is desired. Isopentane: Isopentane is commonly used as a refrigerant and as a component in aerosol propellants, blowing agents for foam production, and as a solvent. Its lower boiling point and greater volatility make it useful in these applications. In summary, n-pentane and isopentane differ in their molecular structures, physical properties, boiling points, and applications. The choice between the two depends on the specific requirements of a given application, with n-pentane being less volatile and isopentane being more volatile. What Is The Structure Of N-Pentane? Pentane is an alkane with the chemical formula C5H12. It is a colorless, flammable liquid that is commonly used as a solvent and a fuel. The structure of pentane is a straight chain of five carbon atoms, with each carbon atom bonded to four hydrogen atoms. The carbon atoms in pentane are arranged in a tetrahedral geometry, with each carbon atom forming four bonds with other atoms. The hydrogen atoms are bonded to the carbon atoms in a single bond.   What Is Pentane Used For? Pentane, both in its various isomeric forms (n-pentane and isopentane), has several industrial and commercial applications due to its properties as a hydrocarbon solvent and fuel component. Here are some common uses of pentane: Solvent: Pentane is used as a nonpolar solvent in various laboratory and industrial applications. It is particularly useful for dissolving oils, fats, waxes, and some organic compounds. Its low boiling point and relatively low toxicity make it suitable for these purposes. Foam Blowing Agent: Isopentane (also known as 2-methylbutane) is often used as a blowing agent in the production of polyurethane foams. When mixed with other chemicals, isopentane vaporizes and creates bubbles within the foam, leading to its expansion and formation. Fuel Component: Pentane, primarily in the form of isopentane, is used as a component in gasoline and other fuel blends. It enhances the octane rating of gasoline and helps reduce engine knocking, improving engine performance. Chemical Reagent: Pentane can serve as a chemical reagent in organic synthesis and research. It may be used as a reactant in some chemical reactions or as a medium for certain processes. Extraction: In laboratories, pentane is utilized for liquid-liquid extractions to separate compounds from mixtures based on differences in solubility. It is a common choice for extracting natural products and essential oils. Cleaning Agent: Pentane is employed for cleaning and degreasing purposes in industrial settings. It can effectively remove residues, contaminants, and oils from various surfaces and equipment. Refrigeration: Pentane has been used as a refrigerant in some applications, particularly in the form of isopentane. However, due to environmental concerns and regulations related to ozone depletion, its use as a refrigerant has diminished. Analytical Chemistry: In gas chromatography (GC), pentane is sometimes used as a carrier gas to transport samples through the GC column for analysis. Adhesives and Sealants: Some adhesive and sealant formulations may contain pentane as a solvent or propellant. Aerosol Propellants: Pentane, particularly isopentane, has been used as a propellant in aerosol spray products. Energy Production: In certain regions, pentane may be used as a fuel for heating and electricity generation, although this application is less common. It's important to note that while pentane has various industrial and commercial uses, safety precautions should be taken when handling it due to its flammable nature. Proper storage, ventilation, and safety measures are essential to minimize the risk of accidents. Additionally, environmental regulations and concerns have led to the exploration of alternative substances in some applications where pentane was traditionally used as a refrigerant or propellant. How Is Pentane Produced? Pentane is typically produced from petroleum through refining processes. It is a natural component of crude oil, and the separation and purification of pentane from crude oil involve various refining techniques. Here's an overview of how pentane is produced: Fractional Distillation: Crude oil is first subjected to fractional distillation in an oil refinery. This process separates the crude oil into different fractions based on their boiling points. Pentane, along with other hydrocarbons of similar boiling points, is separated from the crude oil in this initial distillation step. Fraction Separation: The fraction obtained in the distillation containing pentane and similar hydrocarbons is further separated in subsequent distillation columns. These columns are designed to separate hydrocarbons with similar boiling points, and pentane is separated from other hydrocarbons through a series of distillation steps. Purification: After the initial separation, the pentane fraction may still contain impurities and other hydrocarbons. To obtain high-purity pentane, additional purification steps are often employed. One common method is solvent extraction, where selective solvents are used to remove impurities. Adsorption and molecular sieves may also be used for purification. Final Processing: The purified pentane may undergo additional processing steps to meet specific product specifications or requirements. For example, it may be dried to remove any remaining water content. Packaging and Distribution: Once purified and processed, pentane is typically packaged into containers suitable for transportation and distribution. It may be distributed to various industries where it is used for its specific applications. Overall, the production of pentane is part of the larger petroleum refining process, and its availability depends on the composition of the crude oil and the specific refining techniques employed by the refinery. What Are The Hazards Of Pentane? Pentane, like other hydrocarbon compounds, poses certain hazards, especially when handled and used in industrial or laboratory settings. It's essential to be aware of these hazards and take appropriate safety precautions when working with pentane. Here are some of the hazards associated with pentane: Flammable: Pentane is highly flammable and can form explosive mixtures with air when its vapor concentration is within a specific range (approximately 1.5% to 7.8% by volume). This means that even a small spark or open flame can ignite pentane vapors, leading to fires or explosions. Health Hazards: Inhalation of pentane vapor can cause respiratory irritation, dizziness, headache, nausea, and, in severe cases, central nervous system depression. Prolonged exposure to pentane may lead to adverse health effects, including drowsiness, unconsciousness, and even asphyxiation. Irritant: Pentane can be a skin and eye irritant. Contact with the skin may cause irritation, redness, and dermatitis, particularly with prolonged or repeated exposure. Eye contact with pentane can result in irritation, redness, and discomfort. Environmental Impact: Pentane is a volatile organic compound (VOC) that can contribute to air pollution. When released into the atmosphere, it can react with other pollutants and contribute to the formation of ground-level ozone, which is harmful to human health and the environment. Asphyxiation Hazard: Pentane vapors can displace oxygen in poorly ventilated areas, creating an oxygen-deficient atmosphere. This can lead to asphyxiation if pentane is released in a confined space without proper ventilation. To use pentane safely, consider the following precautions: Work in well-ventilated areas or use exhaust systems to prevent the buildup of pentane vapors. Avoid open flames, sparks, and hot surfaces when working with pentane, and ensure that electrical equipment and wiring are explosion-proof in areas where pentane is used. Store pentane in approved containers away from heat, ignition sources, and incompatible materials. Use appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE), including safety goggles, gloves, and lab coats, when handling pentane. Have emergency response measures in place, including fire extinguishers and eyewash stations, when working with pentane. Follow safety data sheet (SDS) guidelines and procedures provided by the manufacturer or supplier of pentane. Educate and train personnel on the safe handling and storage of pentane. It's crucial to have a thorough understanding of the potential hazards associated with pentane and to implement appropriate safety measures to mitigate these risks. Always follow safety guidelines and regulations specific to your workplace or laboratory when working with pentane or any other hazardous chemicals. How Do I Use Pentane Safely? Using pentane safely is essential due to its flammable nature and associated hazards. Whether you're working with pentane in a laboratory, industrial setting, or any other environment, following proper safety procedures is crucial. Here are some steps to use pentane safely: Work in a Well-Ventilated Area: Always work in a properly ventilated area. Ensure that fumes and vapors can be effectively removed to prevent the buildup of pentane in the air. No Open Flames or Sparks: Avoid working near open flames, sparks, or other potential ignition sources. Pentane is highly flammable and can ignite easily. Use Appropriate Containers: Store pentane in approved containers designed for flammable liquids. These containers are typically designed to prevent leaks and resist fire. Keep Away from Heat Sources: Store pentane away from heat sources, including direct sunlight, radiators, and hot surfaces. Static Electricity: Ground yourself and any equipment that could generate static electricity. This helps prevent static sparks that could ignite pentane vapors. Wear Protective Gear: Use appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE), including safety goggles, gloves, and lab coats, to protect your eyes, skin, and clothing from contact with pentane. No Smoking or Eating: Do not smoke or eat while working with pentane. Keep food and beverages away from the work area. Emergency Equipment: Have safety equipment on hand, such as fire extinguishers, eyewash stations, and safety showers, in case of accidents or emergencies. Avoid Confined Spaces: Do not use pentane in confined spaces without proper ventilation. Pentane vapors can displace oxygen, leading to an oxygen-deficient atmosphere. Secure Containers: Ensure that containers are tightly sealed when not in use. Prevent spills and leaks. Safety Data Sheet (SDS): Familiarize yourself with the safety data sheet (SDS) provided by the manufacturer or supplier of pentane. SDS contains important information about the chemical's properties, hazards, and safe handling procedures. Training and Education: Train all personnel working with pentane on its safe handling, storage, and disposal. Ensure that they understand the hazards and know how to respond to emergencies. Labeling and Signage: Clearly label containers of pentane with appropriate warnings and hazard symbols. Use warning signs in areas where pentane is stored or used. Emergency Response: Develop and communicate emergency response plans, including evacuation procedures and fire safety protocols. Conduct regular drills to ensure that personnel are prepared. Proper Disposal: Dispose of pentane and any contaminated materials according to local, state, and federal regulations. Do not pour pentane down drains or dispose of it improperly. Regular Inspections: Periodically inspect equipment, storage areas, and containers for signs of damage or deterioration. Replace damaged equipment or containers promptly. By following these safety guidelines and practices, you can minimize the risks associated with pentane use and create a safer working environment. Always prioritize safety and be prepared to respond to potential emergencies involving pentane or other flammable chemicals.    

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BVV™ High Purity Lab Grade Hexane HAZMAT ITEMS ARE NON-REFUNDABLE. ALL SALES ARE FINAL   (Note: Container style and color may vary) Spigots/Faucets are only compatible with 5 Gallon Plastic Jugs and must be purchased separately Trigger Sprayer is only compatible with 1QT and 1 Gallon sizes   BVV™ High Purity Lab Grade Hexane is a perfect solution for cleaning up and clarifying the extracted material and removing the green colored plant material and some waxes out of the product to produce a cleaner end result when distilling extracts. Hexane SDS Hexane COA Chemical Formula: C6H14 Molecular Weight: 86.178 g·mol−1 CAS Registry Number: 110-54-3 Appearance Colorless Liquid Odor: Petrolic Density 0.6606 g mL−1 Boiling Point: 68.5 °C / 155.2 °F Solubility in water: 9.5 mg L−1 GHS Pictograms:     GHS Signal Word: Danger GHS Hazard Statements: H225, H302, H305, H315, H336, H361fd, H373, H411 GHS Precautionary Statements P201, P202, P210, P233, P235, P240, P241, P242, P243, P260, P264, P271, P273, P280, P281, P301+P330+P331, P302+P352, P303+P361+P353, P304+P340, P308+P313, P310, P312, P314, P332+P313, P363, P370+P378, P391, P403+P233, P405, P501 UN Identification Number: 1208 Proper Shipping Name: Hexanes Transport Hazard Class: 3 Packing Group: II DOT Placard:    What Is Hexane? Hexane is a hydrocarbon compound with the chemical formula C6H14. It is a colorless, flammable liquid that is commonly used as a solvent in various industrial processes. Hexane is composed of six carbon atoms and 14 hydrogen atoms and belongs to a class of compounds known as alkanes. What Is Hexane Used For? Hexane is a versatile chemical compound primarily used as a solvent in various industrial applications. Its main uses include: Oil Extraction: Hexane is commonly used in the food industry to extract vegetable oils from seeds and other plant materials, such as soybeans, sunflower seeds, and peanuts. It dissolves the oils, leaving behind the solid plant material. The extracted oils are used in cooking, food processing, and as ingredients in various products. Laboratory and Chemical Processes: Hexane is used as a solvent in laboratories for a wide range of chemical reactions, extractions, and chromatography procedures. It is particularly useful for processes that require a non-polar solvent. Industrial Cleaning: Hexane's strong solvent properties make it effective for cleaning and degreasing industrial machinery, equipment, and parts. It is often used in maintenance and manufacturing settings to remove oils, greases, and other contaminants. Adhesive Manufacturing: Hexane is used in the production of adhesives, including those used in the shoe and leather goods industry. It helps dissolve and disperse adhesive components. Paints and Coatings: In the paint and coatings industry, hexane can be found in some formulations, especially in solvent-based paint systems. It can help adjust the viscosity and improve the application properties of coatings. Nail Polish Remover: Some nail polish removers contain hexane as a solvent to help dissolve and remove nail polish quickly and effectively. Hexane as a Fuel: While not a major use, hexane can be used as a fuel in some internal combustion engines. However, this application is less common than its use as a solvent. It's important to note that hexane is flammable and can pose health risks if not handled properly. Exposure to hexane vapor should be minimized, and safety precautions, such as proper ventilation and the use of personal protective equipment, should be followed when working with this chemical. What Is The Structure of Hexane? Hexane is an organic compound with the molecular formula C6H14. It belongs to the class of hydrocarbons known as alkanes, which are characterized by single bonds between carbon atoms. Hexane specifically has a linear or straight-chain structure, meaning that its carbon atoms are arranged in a continuous chain. The structural formula of hexane is as follows: In this structural formula, each "C" represents a carbon atom, and each "H" represents a hydrogen atom. Hexane has six carbon atoms and 14 hydrogen atoms, consistent with its molecular formula (C6H14). The carbon-carbon bonds in hexane are all single bonds, resulting in a saturated hydrocarbon structure. This linear arrangement of carbon atoms is a characteristic feature of straight-chain alkanes. How Is Hexane Produced? Hexane is typically produced from the refining of crude oil, and its production involves several steps, including distillation and fractionation. Here is an overview of the process: Crude Oil Refining: Hexane is derived from the hydrocarbon fraction of crude oil. Crude oil is first refined in a petroleum refinery to separate it into various fractions based on boiling points. Hexane is obtained from one of these fractions, usually the naphtha or distillate fractions, which contain hydrocarbons with six carbon atoms. Distillation: The selected fraction from the crude oil is subjected to a distillation process to separate it further into its constituent hydrocarbons based on their boiling points. Hexane is separated from other hydrocarbons with similar boiling points during this step. Fractionation: After distillation, the fraction containing hexane is further fractionated to isolate pure hexane. Fractionation involves additional distillation steps to separate hexane from any remaining impurities or hydrocarbons with different carbon chain lengths. Purification: To ensure the final product is of high purity, the hexane is subjected to purification processes, such as solvent extraction or adsorption, to remove any remaining impurities, including sulfur compounds and aromatics. Quality Control: The purified hexane undergoes rigorous quality control testing to ensure it meets industry and regulatory standards. This includes testing for purity, composition, and the absence of contaminants. Packaging: The final purified hexane is typically packaged and stored for distribution to various industries and applications. It's important to note that there are different isomers of hexane, including n-hexane, which is a straight-chain hexane, and various branched-chain isomers (isohexanes). The specific isomer produced and its purity level can vary based on the intended use of the hexane. For industrial and laboratory use, high-purity n-hexane is often preferred. The production of hexane is an important part of the petrochemical industry, as it serves as a solvent in various applications, including extraction, cleaning, and as a carrier for certain industrial processes. What Are The Hazards of Hexane? Hexane is a chemical solvent that poses several health and safety hazards. It's essential to handle hexane with care and be aware of its potential risks. Here are some of the hazards associated with hexane exposure: Inhalation Hazard: Hexane vapors can be harmful when inhaled. Breathing in high concentrations of hexane vapor may lead to symptoms such as dizziness, headache, nausea, eye and throat irritation, and in severe cases, unconsciousness. Nervous System Effects: Prolonged exposure to hexane, particularly n-hexane (a common isomer of hexane), can damage the nervous system. This condition is known as "hexane neuropathy" or "peripheral neuropathy." It may cause numbness, tingling, muscle weakness, and coordination problems in the hands and feet. Skin Irritation: Hexane can irritate the skin upon direct contact. Prolonged skin exposure or contact with hexane-containing solutions can lead to skin dryness, redness, and irritation. Eye Irritation: Contact with hexane may cause eye irritation, including redness, tearing, and discomfort. Flammability: Hexane is highly flammable and can form explosive mixtures with air. It should be stored away from open flames, sparks, and heat sources. Environmental Impact: Spills or releases of hexane into the environment can have adverse effects on aquatic life and ecosystems. Hexane is not easily biodegradable and can persist in the environment. Chronic Health Effects: Long-term exposure to hexane may lead to chronic health effects, particularly neurological damage. Workers who are regularly exposed to hexane, such as in industrial settings, should take precautions to minimize exposure. Carcinogenicity: Some studies suggest that n-hexane may have carcinogenic potential, although the evidence is not conclusive. It is classified as a Group 3 carcinogen by the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), which means it is not classifiable as to its carcinogenicity to humans due to inadequate evidence. To minimize the risks associated with hexane, it is crucial to follow safety guidelines and use appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE) when working with hexane-containing products. Proper ventilation, such as using fume hoods or working in well-ventilated areas, can help reduce inhalation exposure. Additionally, employers should provide training to employees on the safe handling and storage of hexane, along with emergency response procedures in case of spills or accidents. How Do I Use Hexane Safely? Using hexane safely requires following proper safety precautions and guidelines to minimize the risks associated with this chemical solvent. Here are some safety tips for handling hexane safely: Use Adequate Ventilation: Always work with hexane in well-ventilated areas, such as a fume hood or with proper exhaust systems. Adequate ventilation helps to reduce exposure to hexane vapors. Wear Protective Gear: When working with hexane, wear appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE), including safety goggles, lab coats, chemical-resistant gloves, and closed-toe shoes. The specific PPE requirements may vary based on the task and the concentration of hexane being used. Avoid Skin Contact: Prevent skin contact with hexane by wearing chemical-resistant gloves and long-sleeved clothing. In case of skin contact, wash the affected area with plenty of water and soap. Seek medical attention if irritation persists. Prevent Eye Contact: Protect your eyes with safety goggles or a face shield. In case of eye contact, flush the eyes with clean, lukewarm water for at least 15 minutes and seek immediate medical attention. No Eating, Drinking, or Smoking: Do not eat, drink, or smoke while working with hexane or in areas where hexane is used. Contaminated hands or surfaces can transfer hexane to the mouth, leading to ingestion. Handle in Controlled Environment: Perform tasks involving hexane in a controlled environment away from open flames, sparks, heat sources, and ignition sources. Hexane is highly flammable and can form explosive mixtures with air. Label Containers: Ensure that containers holding hexane are properly labeled with appropriate hazard warnings and information. Store Properly: Store hexane containers in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area away from incompatible substances. Keep containers tightly sealed when not in use. Use Minimal Amounts: Use the smallest amount of hexane necessary to complete your task. Minimizing the quantity of hexane used reduces potential exposure. Emergency Equipment: Have access to emergency equipment, such as eye wash stations and safety showers, in case of accidental exposure. Know the location of fire extinguishers and fire alarm systems. Training: Ensure that personnel working with hexane are trained in its safe handling, storage, and disposal. Training should cover hazard recognition, first aid procedures, and emergency response protocols. Spill Response: In case of a hexane spill, follow your organization's spill response procedures. This may include containing the spill, using absorbent materials to soak up the liquid, and disposing of contaminated materials properly. Dispose of Hexane Waste Properly: Dispose of hexane waste in accordance with local, state, and federal regulations. Hexane waste should be collected and disposed of as hazardous waste. Regular Maintenance: Inspect equipment and storage containers regularly to ensure they are in good condition and free from leaks or damage. Medical Monitoring: If workers are regularly exposed to hexane, consider implementing a medical monitoring program to track their health and detect early signs of exposure-related issues. It's essential to familiarize yourself with the specific safety guidelines and procedures established by your organization or regulatory authorities when working with hexane, as they may vary depending on the application and concentration of hexane being used. Always prioritize safety and take appropriate precautions to protect yourself and others from potential hazards associated with hexane.

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Dichloromethane (DCM) Lab Grade Tested 99.99% Purity (Aka. Methylene Chloride) Dichloromethane is an organochloride that appears as a colorless volatile liquid having sweet chloroform-like odor. This liquid is widely used as a solvent. Although it is not miscible with water, it is polar, and miscible with most organic solvents.   Commonly used for partitioning alkaloids from aqueous solutions Dichloromethane or DCM for short is commonly used as an extraction solvent across the food & beverage industry and is well known for its use in the decaffeination of coffee. With a density of 1.33g/cm3 it is denser than water partitioning as the bottom layer during liquid-liquid extraction. With a low boiling point of 39.8C/103.3F Dicholormethane allows for fast drying and the preservation of temperature-sensitive compounds. While Dichloromethane is highly volatile it is actually neither flammable nor explosive in air. Produced through the chlorination of methane along with chloromethane, trichloromethane (chloroform), and tetrachloromethane (carbon tetrachloride, Dichloromethane is the least toxic of the three.  While Dichloromethane is less toxic than other chlorinated hydrocarbons it is still known to cause skin and serious eye irritation and may cause drowsiness or dizziness and potentially cancer. During handling always wear appropriate personal protective equipment in the form of tightly fitting safety goggles or face shield, long-sleeved clothing, and an approved respirator if exposure limits are exceeded or if irritation or other symptoms are experienced. Always ensure DCM is handled under adequate ventilation using a chemical fume hood. Avoid getting DCM into the eyes, on skin, or on clothing, and avoid ingestion and inhalation.  Dichloromethane should always be stored in a dry, cool, and well-ventilated place with the container tightly closed.  Dichloromethane Technical Data Sheet Dichloromethane Safety Data Sheet Chemical Formula: CH2Cl2 Molecular Weight: 84.93 g·mol−1 CAS Registry Number: 75-09-2 Appearance Colorless Liquid Odor: Faint, Chloroform-like Density 1.3266 g/cm3 (20 °C) Boiling Point: 39.6 °C / 103.3 °F Solubility in water: 17.5 g/L (25 °C) GHS Pictograms:   GHS Signal Word: Warning GHS Hazard Statements: H315, H319, H335, H336, H351, H373 GHS Precautionary Statements P261, P281, P305+P351+P338 UN Identification Number: 1593 Proper Shipping Name: Dichloromethane Transport Hazard Class: 6.1 Packing Group: III DOT Placard: What Is Dichloromethane? Dichloromethane, also known as methylene chloride, is a colorless, volatile, and sweet-smelling organic compound with the chemical formula CH2Cl2. It is a halogenated hydrocarbon and is commonly used as a solvent in various industrial and laboratory applications.  What is Dichloromethane Used for? Dichloromethane, also known as methylene chloride, is a versatile organic compound with several common uses, including: Solvent: It is widely used as a solvent in various industrial and laboratory applications. Dichloromethane's ability to dissolve a wide range of organic compounds makes it valuable in chemical processes and as a cleaning agent. Extraction: It is used in some extraction processes, such as the decaffeination of coffee and tea. It can selectively dissolve caffeine from coffee beans or tea leaves, leaving behind other flavor compounds. Chemical Reactions: It is used in chemical reactions as a solvent and as a reagent in various synthetic procedures. Pharmaceuticals: In the pharmaceutical industry, dichloromethane can be used for various purposes, including as a solvent for drug formulation. Aerosol Propellant: It has been used as a propellant in aerosol products like paints and coatings. Foaming Agent: In the production of polystyrene foam, dichloromethane can be used as a foaming agent. Lab Applications: In laboratory settings, it is used as a solvent for analytical methods, especially in chromatography. What are the Properties of Dichloromethane? Dichloromethane, also known as methylene chloride, is a colorless, volatile liquid with several notable properties: Physical State: At room temperature (around 25 degrees Celsius or 77 degrees Fahrenheit), dichloromethane exists as a volatile liquid. It has a sweet, ether-like odor. Density: The density of dichloromethane is approximately 1.33 grams per milliliter (g/mL), making it denser than water. Solubility: Dichloromethane is highly miscible with a wide range of organic solvents, including ethers, alcohols, and chlorinated compounds. It exhibits limited solubility in water, forming an azeotrope with a maximum water concentration of around 12.5%. Boiling Point: It has a relatively low boiling point of approximately 39.6 degrees Celsius (103.3 degrees Fahrenheit), which makes it volatile and easy to evaporate. Reactivity: It is relatively chemically stable under normal conditions. However, dichloromethane can react with strong bases, such as sodium hydroxide, producing potentially hazardous compounds. Flammability: Dichloromethane is not highly flammable but can burn under certain conditions, particularly if it forms a vapor-air mixture within its flammable range. Toxicity: It is considered a hazardous chemical due to its potential health risks. Inhalation of dichloromethane vapors can lead to dizziness, headaches, nausea, and, in high concentrations, more severe health effects. Prolonged exposure can be harmful. Environmental Impact: Dichloromethane is known to be an ozone-depleting substance and can contribute to stratospheric ozone depletion. Consequently, its production and use are regulated or restricted in many countries under environmental laws. Industrial Use: Despite its potential hazards, dichloromethane is used in various industrial applications, such as paint stripping, as a solvent, and in the production of some chemicals and pharmaceuticals. What Are The Hazards Of Dichloromethane? Dichloromethane (DCM), also known as methylene chloride, is a volatile organic compound that poses several hazards to human health and the environment. It's important to handle DCM with care and follow safety precautions when working with this chemical. Here are some of the main hazards associated with dichloromethane: Inhalation Hazard: DCM is a volatile chemical, and its vapors can easily be inhaled. Short-term exposure to high concentrations of DCM vapor can lead to symptoms such as dizziness, headache, nausea, and in severe cases, loss of consciousness or death. Prolonged or repeated exposure to lower concentrations may cause respiratory irritation, coughing, and chest discomfort. CNS Depression: Dichloromethane can affect the central nervous system (CNS) when inhaled or absorbed through the skin. It has mild anesthetic properties and can lead to CNS depression, resulting in impaired coordination and reaction time. Skin and Eye Irritation: DCM can irritate the skin and eyes upon contact. It may cause redness, itching, and dermatitis. Eye contact can lead to irritation, tearing, and blurred vision. Carcinogenicity: Long-term exposure to DCM has been associated with an increased risk of cancer, particularly lung cancer. The International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) has classified DCM as a Group 1 carcinogen to humans. Environmental Impact: DCM is an ozone-depleting substance and can contribute to the depletion of the ozone layer when released into the atmosphere. It is also harmful to aquatic life, and its disposal into water bodies can have adverse effects on the environment. Flammability: While DCM itself is not highly flammable, its vapors can form flammable mixtures with air. It is important to take precautions to prevent the buildup of flammable vapor concentrations in enclosed spaces. Chemical Reactivity: DCM can react with certain chemicals, and its contact with strong oxidizers or alkalis can result in hazardous reactions. It should be stored and handled away from incompatible substances. To minimize the hazards associated with dichloromethane, it is essential to work with this chemical in a well-ventilated area, wear appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE), including gloves and eye protection, and follow safety guidelines and regulations. Use DCM in a chemical fume hood or a well-ventilated area to reduce inhalation exposure. Proper storage, handling, and disposal procedures should also be followed to protect human health and the environment. Additionally, it is advisable to be aware of local regulations and guidelines related to the use and disposal of DCM. How Do I Use Dichloromethane Safely? Using dichloromethane (DCM), also known as methylene chloride, safely is essential to minimize health and environmental risks associated with this chemical. Here are some guidelines for the safe use of DCM: Personal Protective Equipment (PPE): Wear appropriate PPE, including chemical-resistant gloves, safety goggles or a face shield, and a lab coat or chemical-resistant apron. Consider using a chemical-resistant apron and full-body protective clothing if handling large quantities of DCM. Ventilation: Work in a well-ventilated area, such as a chemical fume hood or a well-ventilated laboratory. Avoid working with DCM in confined spaces without proper ventilation. Respiratory Protection: If working with DCM outside of a fume hood or in a space with inadequate ventilation, use a NIOSH-approved organic vapor respirator to protect against inhalation exposure. Ensure that the respirator is fit-tested and properly maintained. Storage: Store DCM in a cool, well-ventilated area away from direct sunlight, heat, and incompatible materials. Keep containers tightly closed and labeled with hazard information. Handling: Use DCM only for its intended purposes and avoid unnecessary exposure. Handle DCM with care to prevent spills or splashes. Do not eat, drink, or smoke while working with DCM. Avoid Skin and Eye Contact: Wear chemical-resistant gloves to prevent skin contact. Use safety goggles or a face shield to protect your eyes from splashes. In case of skin contact, promptly remove contaminated clothing and wash the affected area thoroughly with soap and water. In case of eye contact, flush the eyes with water for at least 15 minutes and seek immediate medical attention. Work in a Controlled Environment: Perform DCM-related tasks on stable surfaces to prevent accidental spills. Avoid working alone when handling DCM, especially in situations where immediate assistance may be needed in case of an accident. Fire Safety: DCM is not highly flammable but can form flammable vapor-air mixtures. Keep ignition sources away from DCM and store it in a cool area. Ensure that fire extinguishing equipment is readily available and that personnel are trained in its use. Emergency Procedures: Know the location of emergency eyewash stations, safety showers, and spill response kits. Establish and familiarize yourself with emergency procedures in case of spills, fires, or exposure incidents. Disposal: Dispose of DCM waste according to local regulations and guidelines. DCM waste is often considered hazardous and must be handled and disposed of properly. Training: Ensure that personnel handling DCM are adequately trained in its safe use, storage, and disposal. Regulations and Guidelines: Be aware of and comply with local, state, and federal regulations governing the use, handling, and disposal of DCM. Remember that DCM is a volatile chemical, and its vapors can be harmful when inhaled over an extended period. Follow safety data sheet (SDS) instructions, and if you are uncertain about any aspect of using DCM safely, consult with a safety professional or chemical hygiene officer in your organization.

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BVV™ High Purity Lab Grade Methanol  HAZMAT ITEMS ARE NON-REFUNDABLE. ALL SALES ARE FINAL (Note: Container style and color may vary) Spigots/Faucets are only compatible with 5 Gallon Plastic Jugs and must be purchased separately Trigger Sprayer is only compatible with 1QT and 1 Gallon sizes BVV™ High Purity Lab Grade Methanol is used to remove and extract terpenes, tannins, alkaloids, glycosides, lignans, and terpinoids from plants. It is used to extract bio-active, phenolic and polar compounds from medicinal plants. Methanol is a high purity solvent used to manufacture botanical solutions and is easily evaporated.  Methanol is used in research and testing laboratories for phytochemical study, phytochemical analysis and chemical synthesis. Methanol is used to prepare methanol/water/acetic acid mixtures.   BVV™ Methanol SDS BVV™ Methanol COA Chemical Formula: CH3OH Molecular Weight: 32.042 g·mol−1 CAS Registry Number: 67-56-1 Appearance Colorless Liquid Odor: Faint and similar to ethanol Density 0.792 g/cm3 Boiling Point: 64.7 °C /148.5 °F Solubility in water: miscible GHS Pictograms: GHS Signal Word: Danger GHS Hazard Statements: H225, H301, H302, H305, H311, H331, H370 GHS Precautionary Statements P210, P233, P235, P240, P241, P242, P243, P260, P264, P270, P271, P280, P301+P330+P331, P302+P352, P303+P361+P353, P304+P340, P305+P351+P338, P307+P311, P310, P311, P312, P337+P313, P361, P363, P370+P378, P403+P233, P405, P501 UN Identification Number: 1230 Proper Shipping Name: Methanol Transport Hazard Class: 3 Packing Group: II DOT Placard: What Is Methanol? Methanol, also known as methyl alcohol or wood alcohol, is a type of alcohol with the chemical formula CH3OH. It is the simplest alcohol, consisting of a methyl group (CH3) linked to a hydroxyl group (OH). Methanol is a colorless, flammable liquid with a slightly sweet odor. It is commonly used as an industrial solvent, antifreeze, fuel, and as a feedstock in the production of chemicals, plastics, and synthetic materials. Methanol can be synthesized from various sources, including natural gas, carbon monoxide, and biomass. It is considered a hazardous substance due to its toxicity when ingested, inhaled, or absorbed through the skin. Methanol is also used as an industrial and laboratory solvent and as a fuel in some types of racing cars and model engines. One important thing to note is that methanol is highly toxic when consumed, and even small amounts can be lethal. It should never be ingested, and safety precautions should be taken when handling this substance. What Is Methanol Used For? Methanol is used for a wide range of industrial, commercial, and laboratory applications. Some of its common uses include: Fuel: Methanol is used as an alternative fuel in some types of vehicles, particularly racing cars and model engines. It is also used in the production of biodiesel and as a fuel additive. Solvent: Methanol is a versatile solvent that can dissolve a variety of substances, making it useful in industries such as paint, varnish, and ink production. It is also used as a cleaning agent in laboratories and industrial settings. Antifreeze: Methanol is an essential component of some antifreeze formulations, where it helps prevent the freezing of engine coolant in cold temperatures. Chemical Intermediate: Methanol serves as a key building block in the production of various chemicals and materials, including formaldehyde, acetic acid, methyl methacrylate (used in plastics and coatings), and more. Fuel Cell Feedstock: Methanol can be used as a feedstock for the production of hydrogen, which can be used in fuel cells for electricity generation and other applications. Preservative: In the pharmaceutical and personal care industries, methanol is used as a preservative in some products. Denaturant: Methanol is added to industrial ethanol to make it unfit for consumption (denatured). This ensures that the ethanol cannot be used for drinking purposes and is used for industrial applications. Laboratory Reagent: Methanol is commonly used in laboratories as a reagent and solvent for various chemical experiments and analyses. Extraction: It is used in some extraction processes, such as the extraction of essential oils from plants. Energy Storage: Methanol is being explored as a potential energy carrier for energy storage and transportation, particularly in the form of methanol fuel cells. It's important to note that methanol is toxic to humans and should be handled with care. Ingesting or inhaling methanol vapors can be extremely dangerous and potentially fatal. Proper safety precautions and handling procedures are necessary when working with methanol. What Is The Structure of Methanol? Methanol, also known as methyl alcohol, has a simple chemical structure. Its molecular formula is CH3OH, which represents one carbon (C) atom, four hydrogen (H) atoms, and one oxygen (O) atom bonded together. Here's the structural formula of methanol: In this structure: The central carbon atom (C) is bonded to three hydrogen atoms (H) and one oxygen atom (O). The oxygen atom is bonded to the carbon atom through a single covalent bond (C-O). The remaining three hydrogen atoms are bonded to the carbon atom, completing its four covalent bonds. Methanol is a polar molecule due to the electronegativity difference between oxygen and hydrogen atoms, which results in a partial positive charge on the hydrogen atoms and a partial negative charge on the oxygen atom. This polarity gives methanol its unique chemical properties and makes it a versatile solvent in various applications. What are the Hazards of Methanol? Methanol, while commonly used in various industrial and laboratory applications, poses several hazards, primarily due to its toxic and flammable nature. Here are some of the hazards associated with methanol: Toxicity: Methanol is highly toxic to humans when ingested, inhaled, or absorbed through the skin. The toxic effects are primarily due to its metabolites, formaldehyde, and formic acid. Methanol poisoning can lead to symptoms such as headache, dizziness, nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, and in severe cases, it can cause blindness, organ failure, and death. Flammability: Methanol is flammable and can form explosive mixtures in the air when its vapor concentration is within certain limits. It has a relatively low flashpoint, making it susceptible to ignition by heat, sparks, or open flames. Proper storage and handling precautions are essential to prevent fire hazards. Irritant: Methanol can be irritating to the eyes, skin, and respiratory tract. Contact with methanol vapor or liquid can lead to skin irritation, redness, and chemical burns. Inhaling methanol vapor can irritate the respiratory system and cause coughing and throat irritation. Environmental Impact: Methanol is harmful to the environment. Spills or releases of methanol can contaminate soil and water, posing a risk to aquatic life and ecosystems. It is important to handle and dispose of methanol responsibly to minimize its environmental impact. Incompatibility: Methanol should not be stored or transported in containers or systems that have previously held incompatible materials, as it can react with some substances and form hazardous compounds. Cumulative Exposure: Prolonged or repeated exposure to methanol vapor or mist over time can result in cumulative health effects, particularly on the central nervous system and the optic nerve. Ingestion Risk: Methanol has a sweet taste and is sometimes mistaken for ethanol (the alcohol found in alcoholic beverages). Accidental ingestion of methanol can occur, especially if it is stored in containers that are not clearly labeled. To safely handle methanol and mitigate these hazards, it is crucial to follow strict safety protocols, use appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE), store methanol in well-ventilated areas away from open flames, and provide proper training to personnel working with methanol. Emergency response plans and first-aid measures for methanol exposure should also be in place in case of accidents or spills. How Do I Use Methanol Safely? Using methanol safely is essential due to its toxic and flammable nature. Whether you're working with methanol in a laboratory, industrial setting, or other applications, here are some guidelines for safe handling: Personal Protective Equipment (PPE): Always wear appropriate PPE, including safety goggles, chemical-resistant gloves, a lab coat or chemical-resistant apron, and closed-toe shoes. Consider additional protective gear, such as a face shield, when handling large quantities or performing high-risk operations. Storage: Store methanol in well-ventilated areas away from heat sources, open flames, and direct sunlight. Use containers made of materials compatible with methanol, such as glass or approved plastic containers. Label containers clearly with the contents. Ensure proper labeling and hazard signage in storage areas. Handling: Handle methanol in a fume hood or well-ventilated workspace to minimize inhalation exposure. Do not use methanol near open flames, sparks, or heat sources. Avoid skin contact; wear gloves and lab coats to prevent skin exposure. Use a face shield or safety goggles to protect your eyes. Spill Response: Have spill kits and absorbent materials (e.g., spill pads, spill pillows) available for immediate use. In the event of a spill, ventilate the area, and contain the spill to prevent it from spreading. Wear appropriate PPE when cleaning up spills. Follow your workplace's spill response procedures and dispose of contaminated materials properly. Storage and Dispensing: Use safety containers designed for methanol when dispensing or transferring the liquid. Never use glassware or containers that have been used for other chemicals without thorough cleaning. Ensure proper grounding and bonding when transferring methanol to prevent static electricity buildup. Inhalation Exposure: Minimize inhalation exposure by working in a well-ventilated area or under a fume hood. If you suspect inhalation exposure, move to an area with fresh air and seek medical attention if symptoms persist. Ingestion Prevention: Do not eat, drink, or smoke in areas where methanol is handled. Avoid using containers or equipment that may be contaminated with methanol for food or beverage storage. Fire Safety: Methanol is flammable; keep it away from open flames, sparks, and heat sources. Use explosion-proof electrical equipment in areas where methanol vapors may be present. Emergency Response: Familiarize yourself with the location of safety showers, eyewash stations, fire extinguishers, and emergency exits. Know the location of first-aid supplies and procedures for methanol exposure. Training and Education: Ensure that personnel handling methanol are properly trained in its safe handling, storage, and emergency response procedures. Waste Disposal: Dispose of methanol waste in accordance with local, state, and federal regulations for hazardous waste disposal. Always follow your workplace's safety protocols and consult with safety officers or supervisors for specific safety procedures related to methanol handling in your environment. Regular safety training and awareness are essential to prevent accidents and protect your health when working with methanol.

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  BVV™ High Purity Isopropyl Alcohol IPA 99% Isopropyl alcohol, also known as 2-propanol or rubbing alcohol, is one of the most common alcohol solutions.  The exact mechanism behind isopropanol’s disinfectant is not certain, however, it’s believed to kill cells through the process of denaturing cell proteins and DNA, dissolving cell lipoprotein membranes, and obstructing cellular metabolism. Isopropanol has a range of applications and uses across multiple industries, from medicine to cosmetics, and we explore this below.  Cleaning Agent for Extraction, Laboratory, and Medical Industries  In addition, 99% pure isopropyl alcohol serves as a cleaning agent for the laboratory, medical, and extraction industries. Mixed with water, this solution can be used as a rubbing-alcohol antiseptic. Quality solvents are vital for cleaning delicate electronics, extraction equipment, and other sensitive items. It also makes a perfect solution for surface disinfectant. 99% IPA evaporates cleanly and minimizes residual substances. Cleaning Agent for Home Care A truly versatile solution used in a variety of applications, isopropyl can also serve as a home cleaning remedy. For example, many window and toilet bowl cleaners contain isopropyl alcohol.  rubbing alcohol can dissolve icky residues such as chewing gum, sap, hairspray, and other difficult compounds from hands, surfaces, and more. Other ways isopropyl can be used:  Cleaning makeup brushes Cleaning blinds Cleaning sinks and chrome Deodorizing shoes Disinfecting computer mouse and keyboard  Disinfecting mobile phone Dissolving windshield frost Getting rid of fruit flies  Cleaning jewelry  Creating homemade sanitizer  Preventing ring around the collar  Cleaning stainless steel  Other Things to Note Spigots/Faucets are only compatible with 5 Gallon Jugs and must be purchased separately Trigger Sprayer is only compatible with 1QT and 1 Gallon sizes Isopropyl alcohol is a fast-evaporating solvent and industrial cleaning agent, intended for industrial or professional use only. It can be used as a solvent for gums, shellac, and essential oils. Can be used as a fuel additive.   Isopropyl Alcohol (liquid) - 99.8% Purity Shelf Life - 5 years Specific Gravity - 0.79 Vapor Pressure - 1psi @ 20°C Flash Point - 12°C Boiling Point - 82°C *Disclaimer: 1 Quart Bottles are exempt from additional Hazmat shipping charges and can ship immediately, Less paperwork for shipping is required for shipping only 1 single bottle per order.   BVV™ Isopropyl Alcohol SDS BVV™ Isopropyl Alcohol COA Chemical Formula: C3H8O Molecular Weight: 60.096 g/mol CAS Registry Number: 67-63-0 Appearance Colorless Liquid Odor: Pungent Alcoholic odor Density 0.786 g/cm3 (20 °C) Boiling Point: 82.6 °C /180.7 °F Solubility in water: miscible GHS Pictograms: GHS Signal Word: Danger GHS Hazard Statements: H225, H302, H319, H336 GHS Precautionary Statements P210, P261, P305+P351+P338 UN Identification Number: 1219 Proper Shipping Name: Isopropanol Transport Hazard Class: 3 Packing Group: II DOT Placard:

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BVV™ High Purity Acetone 99%  HAZMAT ITEMS ARE NON-REFUNDABLE. ALL SALES ARE FINAL (Note: Container style and color may vary) Explore our top-quality Acetone, a versatile solvent that meets the highest standards of quality and purity. Our Acetone is ideal for a wide range of applications, whether you're in the pharmaceutical, cosmetic or industrial sector. With its exceptional solvent properties, Acetone serves as a reliable solution for cleaning, degreasing, and dissolving various substances. Our Acetone is carefully sourced to ensure consistency and effectiveness, making it a popular choice for professionals and businesses alike. Our Acetone is subjected to stringent quality control measures, ensuring exceptional purity that's perfect for various processes, from extraction to cleaning and stripping applications. Discover the exceptional performance and dependability of our Acetone, specially created to surpass your rigorous requirements. Unleash the potential of this top-notch solvent, and enhance the efficiency and efficacy of your processes to a whole new level. Opt for our Acetone for unparalleled outcomes and make the most of its adaptability in a variety of crucial tasks. BVV™ Acetone 99% - SDS BVV Acetone 99% - COA Chemical Formula: C3H6O Molecular Weight: 58.080 g·mol−1 CAS Registry Number: 67-64-1 Appearance Colorless Liquid Odor: Pungent, fruity Density 0.7845 g/cm3 (25 °C) Boiling Point: 56.08 °C /132.94 °F Solubility in water: Miscible GHS Pictograms:   GHS Signal Word: Danger GHS Hazard Statements: H225, H302, H319, H336, H373 GHS Precautionary Statements P210, P235, P260, P305+P351+P338 UN Identification Number: 1090 Proper Shipping Name: Acetone Transport Hazard Class: 3 Packing Group: II DOT Placard: What is Acetone? Acetone is a clear, colorless, and highly flammable liquid with a distinctive sweet, fruity odor. It is a simple organic compound with the chemical formula C3H6O, belonging to the ketone family. Acetone is widely used as a solvent in various industries due to its excellent solubility and fast evaporation rate. In addition to its solvent properties, acetone has many other applications. It is commonly used as a cleaning agent, degreaser, and paint thinner. It is also a key ingredient in nail polish removers and some cosmetic products. Acetone is utilized in the production of plastics, fibers, resins, and various chemicals. Additionally, it serves as a fuel additive and is used for scientific and laboratory purposes. As a highly versatile and effective solvent, acetone plays a vital role in numerous industrial, commercial, and domestic applications, making it an essential component in various processes. What Are The Properties of Acetone? Acetone is a colorless, volatile, and highly flammable liquid with several notable properties: Physical State: Acetone is a liquid at room temperature and pressure, with a boiling point of 132.8F/56C and a melting point of -94.9°C (-138.8°F). Odor: It has a distinct and characteristic odor that is often described as sweet or fruity. Solubility: Acetone is highly soluble in water, alcohols, ethers, and many other organic solvents. This high solubility contributes to its effectiveness as a cleaning agent and solvent. Density: The density of acetone is about 0.79 g/cm³, making it less dense than water. Vapor Pressure: Acetone has a relatively high vapor pressure, which means that it readily evaporates into the air at room temperature. Flammability: Acetone is highly flammable and has a low flash point of -20.8°C (-5.4°F). This means that it can easily ignite when exposed to an open flame, spark, or other sources of ignition. Reactivity: Acetone is a reactive compound and can participate in various chemical reactions. It can react with strong acids, bases, and oxidizing agents. Acidity: Acetone is a weak acid, and its aqueous solutions can exhibit slightly acidic properties. Miscibility: Acetone is miscible with water and many organic solvents. This property makes it suitable for various applications in different industries. Polarity: Acetone is a polar solvent, meaning that it has a partial positive and partial negative charge distribution within its molecule. This polarity allows it to dissolve a wide range of polar and nonpolar compounds. Boiling Point: Acetone has a relatively low boiling point 132.8F/56C, which makes it easy to evaporate and separate from other substances during distillation processes. Evaporation Rate: Acetone has a fast evaporation rate, which makes it suitable for applications where rapid drying is necessary. It's important to note that acetone's properties contribute to its versatility and wide range of applications in various industries, including cleaning, manufacturing, laboratory work, cosmetics, and more. However, due to its flammability and reactivity, proper safety precautions should always be followed when working with acetone. What Is The Structure Of Acetone? The chemical structure of acetone consists of three atoms: one carbon (C) atom, one oxygen (O) atom, and three hydrogen (H) atoms. It is a simple organic compound with the molecular formula C3H6O. The structural formula of acetone can be represented as: In this structural representation: The central carbon (C) atom is bonded to two hydrogen (H) atoms and one oxygen (O) atom. The oxygen atom is double-bonded to the central carbon atom, forming a carbonyl group (C=O). The remaining valences of the carbon atom are filled by single bonds to the two hydrogen atoms. This arrangement of atoms gives acetone its distinctive chemical properties, including its solubility in water, high vapor pressure, and reactivity as a solvent and chemical reagent. How Is Acetone Produced? Acetone is produced through various industrial processes, with the most common method being the catalytic dehydrogenation of isopropanol. Here's an overview of the primary process used to produce acetone: 1. Dehydrogenation of Isopropanol: The most widely used method to produce acetone is the dehydrogenation of isopropanol, also known as the "cumene process." This process involves several steps: a. Production of Cumene: Cumene (isopropylbenzene) is produced from benzene and propylene in the presence of a catalyst such as aluminum chloride. This results in the formation of cumene and hydrogen chloride as byproducts. b. Oxidation of Cumene to Cumene Hydroperoxide: Cumene is then oxidized using air to form cumene hydroperoxide, typically using a catalytic process with acid or base catalysts. c. Cleavage of Cumene Hydroperoxide: Cumene hydroperoxide is cleaved using acid catalysts to yield phenol and acetone. This reaction results in the simultaneous production of phenol, which is used as a valuable chemical in various industries. d. Distillation and Separation: The mixture of phenol and acetone is then separated using distillation techniques. Acetone is obtained as a separate product from the mixture. 2. Other Processes: Apart from the cumene process, there are alternative methods for acetone production, including: a. Propylene Oxidation: Acetone can be produced through the direct oxidation of propylene using air or oxygen as the oxidizing agent. This method yields propylene oxide and acetone as products. b. Acetaldehyde Condensation: In this method, acetaldehyde is condensed and dehydrated to form acetone. This process is less common compared to the cumene process. c. Bio-based Production: Research is ongoing to develop bio-based methods of acetone production, using renewable resources like biomass or microorganisms that can convert sugars into acetone. d. Repurposing Byproducts: Acetone can also be obtained as a byproduct in various industrial processes, such as the production of phenol, where acetone is produced alongside phenol from cumene hydroperoxide. The cumene process remains the most dominant and economical method for producing acetone on an industrial scale. The choice of production method depends on factors such as availability of feedstocks, economics, environmental considerations, and desired product yields. Is Acetone Safe? Acetone is generally recognized as safe (GRAS) when used in appropriate amounts and under proper conditions. However, like any chemical substance, it should be handled with care and used according to safety guidelines. Here are some important points to consider regarding the safety of acetone: Ventilation: Acetone has a strong odor and can release fumes that may be irritating to the eyes, nose, and throat. When using acetone, make sure you are in a well-ventilated area to minimize inhalation of the fumes. Skin Contact: Acetone can be drying to the skin and may cause irritation, especially with prolonged or frequent exposure. It's advisable to wear gloves when handling acetone to protect your skin. Eye Contact: Avoid getting acetone in your eyes, as it can cause irritation and discomfort. If accidental eye contact occurs, rinse your eyes thoroughly with water and seek medical attention if irritation persists. Ingestion: Acetone is not intended for ingestion and should not be consumed. Ingesting acetone can be harmful and may lead to adverse health effects. Flammability: Acetone is highly flammable and should be kept away from open flames, sparks, and heat sources. Store acetone in a cool, dry place and away from direct sunlight. Sensitive Individuals: Some individuals may be more sensitive to the effects of acetone, experiencing skin irritation, allergic reactions, or respiratory discomfort. If you have a history of sensitivities or allergies, exercise caution when using acetone. Use as Directed: When using acetone for specific applications such as nail polish removal, adhesive removal, or cleaning, follow the recommended instructions on the product label or recipe. Avoid excessive or prolonged exposure. Alternative Options: If you are concerned about the potential risks of using acetone, you can consider using alternative products that are specifically formulated for the task at hand. For example, there are acetone-free nail polish removers available that may be gentler on the nails and cuticles. If you have specific health concerns or are unsure about the safety of using acetone, it's always a good idea to consult with a healthcare professional or seek advice from experts in the field. Additionally, reading and following safety information provided on product labels and material safety data sheets (MSDS) is crucial to ensure safe handling and use of acetone and other chemicals. What are the hazards of Acetone? Acetone is a commonly used chemical solvent, but like any chemical substance, it poses certain hazards that need to be considered when handling and using it. Some of the hazards associated with acetone include: Flammability: Acetone is highly flammable and can catch fire easily. Its low flash point makes it volatile and prone to ignition when exposed to open flames, sparks, or heat sources. It's important to store and use acetone away from potential sources of ignition. Inhalation Hazards: Acetone can release strong vapors that are irritating to the respiratory system. Prolonged or repeated inhalation of these vapors can lead to headaches, dizziness, nausea, and respiratory discomfort. Adequate ventilation is essential when using acetone to minimize exposure to its fumes. Skin and Eye Irritation: Acetone can be drying to the skin and may cause irritation or redness upon direct contact. It can also irritate the eyes and lead to discomfort if splashed or accidentally introduced into the eyes. Central Nervous System Effects: Acetone vapor exposure can affect the central nervous system, leading to symptoms like dizziness, confusion, and even unconsciousness at high concentrations. Toxic Effects: While acetone is generally considered to have low toxicity, exposure to large amounts or prolonged exposure can have toxic effects on the body. Ingesting acetone can lead to nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, and even coma in severe cases. Health Risks: Long-term or chronic exposure to acetone can potentially have adverse health effects, including damage to the liver, kidneys, and respiratory system. Repeated skin contact can cause dryness and irritation. Environmental Impact: Improper disposal of acetone can lead to environmental contamination. Acetone is volatile and can easily evaporate into the air, contributing to air pollution. It can also be harmful to aquatic life if introduced into water bodies. Allergic Reactions: Some individuals may be sensitive or allergic to acetone, experiencing skin reactions or respiratory discomfort even at lower concentrations. It's important to take appropriate safety precautions when using acetone, including wearing protective gear such as gloves and safety goggles, working in a well-ventilated area, and avoiding open flames or heat sources. If working with acetone in an industrial or laboratory setting, it's crucial to follow established safety protocols and guidelines, as well as refer to the material safety data sheet (MSDS) provided by the manufacturer. Overall, while acetone is a valuable solvent with various applications, it should be handled with care and respect for its potential hazards. If you have any concerns or questions about the safe use of acetone, it's recommended to consult with experts in the field or seek guidance from health and safety professionals. How Flammable Is Acetone? Acetone is highly flammable and poses a significant fire and explosion hazard. It has a low flash point of -20.8°C (-5.4°F), which means that it can easily vaporize and form flammable mixtures with air at temperatures above its flash point. Acetone's wide flammability range (2.5% to 12.8% in air) indicates that even small concentrations of acetone vapor in the air can be ignited by a spark, open flame, or other sources of ignition. Due to its low flash point and flammable nature, acetone should be handled with extreme caution and stored away from sources of heat, sparks, and flames. When using acetone, it's important to follow proper safety practices, such as working in well-ventilated areas, using appropriate protective equipment, and avoiding activities that can generate sparks or heat. Acetone's high flammability also makes it necessary to take precautions when storing and transporting the solvent. Flammable liquids like acetone should be stored in approved containers and away from incompatible materials, such as oxidizing agents, to prevent potential chemical reactions and fires. It's essential to be aware of acetone's flammability and take all necessary safety measures to minimize the risk of fire and ensure a safe working environment when handling this solvent. How Is Acetone Used? Acetone is a versatile organic compound with a wide range of industrial, commercial, and household applications due to its excellent solvent properties and low toxicity. Here are some common uses of acetone: Solvent: Acetone is primarily known for its effectiveness as a solvent. It dissolves a variety of substances, making it useful for cleaning, degreasing, and removing residues from surfaces, equipment, and materials. It is commonly used in industrial settings to clean machinery and equipment. Nail Polish Remover: Acetone is a key ingredient in many nail polish removers. It effectively dissolves nail polish and helps remove it from the nails. Paint and Coating Removal: Acetone is used to remove paint, varnishes, lacquers, and other coatings from surfaces like wood, metal, and plastic. It's particularly useful for removing paint spills or overspray. Adhesive Remover: Acetone can be used to soften and remove adhesives, glues, and tapes from surfaces without causing damage. Chemical Intermediate: Acetone is used as an intermediate in the production of other chemicals. It's a precursor in the manufacturing of products like methyl methacrylate, bisphenol A (used in polycarbonate plastics and epoxy resins), and isopropyl alcohol. Laboratory Reagent: Acetone is used in laboratories as a reagent in various chemical reactions and as a solvent for analytical techniques like chromatography. Thinner for Paints and Inks: Acetone is used as a thinning agent for paints, inks, and varnishes to adjust their viscosity and improve their application. Cosmetics and Personal Care Products: Apart from nail polish remover, acetone is used in the production of cosmetics, skincare products, and perfumes. Medical and Pharmaceutical Uses: Acetone is used in some medical and pharmaceutical applications, such as cleaning medical equipment and removing residues from glassware in laboratories. Cleaning Agent: Acetone is effective at removing greasy or sticky residues from various surfaces. It's often used for cleaning electronics, removing ink stains, and cleaning glass surfaces. Fuel Additive: In some instances, acetone is used as an additive in fuel to improve its combustion efficiency, although this application is less common. Aerosol Propellant: Acetone's ability to vaporize quickly makes it useful as a propellant in aerosol products like air fresheners, deodorants, and cleaning sprays. It's important to note that while acetone is versatile and widely used, it should be handled with care due to its flammable nature. Proper ventilation and safety precautions should be taken when using acetone in any application. How Is Acetone Used In Extraction? Acetone is occasionally used in extraction processes, particularly in the field of chemistry and research, where it serves as a solvent to extract certain compounds from various materials. However, it's important to note that acetone has limitations and risks when used for extraction, and its use should be approached cautiously and with proper safety measures. Here's how acetone can be used in extraction processes: Extraction of Essential Oils and Fragrances: Acetone can be used to extract essential oils and fragrances from plant materials. The solvent's low boiling point allows it to evaporate quickly, leaving behind the extracted aromatic compounds. Extraction of Active Compounds: Acetone can be used to extract active compounds from natural sources, such as medicinal plants or herbs. The solvent's polarity can help dissolve and extract specific compounds like alkaloids, flavonoids, and phenolic compounds. Extraction of Lipids and Fats: Acetone is sometimes used to extract lipids and fats from materials like seeds, nuts, or plant tissues. Its ability to dissolve fats and oils makes it suitable for this purpose. Research and Analysis: In laboratories, acetone is sometimes used as a solvent to prepare samples for analysis by techniques like chromatography or spectroscopy. It can help solubilize compounds of interest for further investigation. Cleaning and Preparing Samples: Acetone can be used to clean surfaces and equipment in preparation for various chemical processes, ensuring that surfaces are free from contaminants that could affect the extraction. Recrystallization: Acetone can also be used for recrystallization processes in the lab, where impure solid compounds are dissolved in acetone and then allowed to crystallize out in a more purified form. It's important to exercise caution when using acetone in extraction processes: Flammability: Acetone is highly flammable and should never be used near open flames or in poorly ventilated areas. Toxicity: Acetone can be harmful if inhaled, ingested, or absorbed through the skin. Proper personal protective equipment (PPE) should be worn, and work should be conducted in a well-ventilated area. Chemical Compatibility: Acetone may not be suitable for extracting all types of compounds, as it can degrade certain materials and might not effectively extract specific compounds. Due to these risks and limitations, alternative solvents or extraction methods are often preferred in various extraction processes. When considering using acetone in an extraction, it's crucial to assess the specific requirements of the extraction and ensure that proper safety measures are in place. What Gaskets Are Compatible With Acetone? Acetone is a powerful solvent that can degrade certain materials, including both silicone and Nitrile/BUNA-N gaskets. When choosing gaskets for use with acetone, it's essential to select materials that are resistant to the solvent's effects to ensure safe and effective sealing. The following gasket materials are generally considered compatible with acetone: PTFE (Polytetrafluoroethylene): PTFE gaskets, also known as Teflon gaskets, are highly resistant to acetone and a wide range of other chemicals. They have excellent chemical stability and can withstand the corrosive nature of acetone. Viton (Fluoroelastomer): Viton gaskets are resistant to a variety of chemicals, including acetone. They are often used in applications where high-temperature and chemical resistance are required. EPDM (Ethylene Propylene Diene Monomer): EPDM gaskets are compatible with acetone for short exposure periods. However, their compatibility may be limited in extended contact with acetone or under specific conditions. It's important to note that the compatibility of gasket materials with acetone can vary based on factors such as temperature, concentration, and exposure duration. Before selecting gaskets for use with acetone, it's advisable to also consider the temperature and pressure range of your application to ensure that the chosen material is suitable for your specific application. Additionally, when working with acetone or any other chemical, it's crucial to follow proper safety protocols, including wearing appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE), working in a well-ventilated area, and observing all relevant safety guidelines. How do I clean with Acetone? Cleaning with acetone involves a few simple steps, but it's important to exercise caution due to its flammable nature and strong odor. Here's how to clean with acetone safely and effectively: Materials Needed: Acetone Clean, lint-free cloth or paper towels Ventilated area or protective mask Gloves Eye protection Steps: Choose a Well-Ventilated Area: Before you begin, make sure you're in a well-ventilated space. Acetone has strong fumes, so working outdoors or in a well-ventilated room is recommended. If ventilation is limited, consider wearing a protective mask and eye protection. Put on Protective Gear: While not always necessary for small cleaning tasks, wearing gloves and eye protection can help prevent skin and eye irritation. Test in an Inconspicuous Area: Before using acetone on a larger surface, test it in a small, inconspicuous area to ensure it doesn't damage or discolor the material you're cleaning. Apply Acetone: Moisten a clean, lint-free cloth or paper towel with a small amount of acetone. Gently blot or rub the area you want to clean. Start with a light touch and gradually increase pressure if needed. Avoid scrubbing vigorously, as this could damage surfaces or spread stains. Wipe Clean: As you blot or rub, you'll notice that dirt, residue, or certain stains are lifted onto the cloth. Continue until the area looks clean. For stubborn stains, you may need to repeat the process or use a slightly more concentrated amount of acetone. Dry the Area: After cleaning, use a separate clean cloth or paper towel to dry the area thoroughly. This helps prevent any remaining acetone from evaporating and leaving streaks. Dispose of Materials Safely: Dispose of used cloths, paper towels, and other materials soaked in acetone responsibly. Place them in a sealed container or bag and dispose of them according to your local regulations for hazardous waste. Wash Hands: After you're finished, wash your hands with soap and water to remove any traces of acetone. Important Tips: Acetone can damage certain plastics, paints, and finishes, so always test it in an inconspicuous area first. Do not use acetone on leather, acetate fabrics, or materials with printed designs, as it can cause fading or damage. Keep acetone away from open flames, sparks, or heat sources, as it is highly flammable. Always work in a well-ventilated area or use appropriate personal protective equipment. Remember that acetone is a powerful solvent, so it's best suited for specific cleaning tasks like removing certain adhesives, paint splatters, or sticky residues. If you're uncertain about using acetone on a particular material or surface, consider seeking professional advice or trying an alternative cleaning method. How Do I Make My Own Acetone-Based Nail Polish Remover? Cleaning with acetone involves a few simple steps, but it's important to exercise caution due to its flammable nature and strong odor. Here's how to clean with acetone safely and effectively: Materials Needed: Acetone Clean, lint-free cloth or paper towels Ventilated area or protective mask Gloves (optional) Eye protection (optional) Steps: Choose a Well-Ventilated Area: Before you begin, make sure you're in a well-ventilated space. Acetone has strong fumes, so working outdoors or in a well-ventilated room is recommended. If ventilation is limited, consider wearing a protective mask and eye protection. Put on Protective Gear: While not always necessary for small cleaning tasks, wearing gloves and eye protection can help prevent skin and eye irritation. Test in an Inconspicuous Area: Before using acetone on a larger surface, test it in a small, inconspicuous area to ensure it doesn't damage or discolor the material you're cleaning. Apply Acetone: Moisten a clean, lint-free cloth or paper towel with a small amount of acetone. Gently blot or rub the area you want to clean. Start with a light touch and gradually increase pressure if needed. Avoid scrubbing vigorously, as this could damage surfaces or spread stains. Wipe Clean: As you blot or rub, you'll notice that dirt, residue, or certain stains are lifted onto the cloth. Continue until the area looks clean. For stubborn stains, you may need to repeat the process or use a slightly more concentrated amount of acetone. Dry the Area: After cleaning, use a separate clean cloth or paper towel to dry the area thoroughly. This helps prevent any remaining acetone from evaporating and leaving streaks. Dispose of Materials Safely: Dispose of used cloths, paper towels, and other materials soaked in acetone responsibly. Place them in a sealed container or bag and dispose of them according to your local regulations for hazardous waste. Wash Hands: After you're finished, wash your hands with soap and water to remove any traces of acetone. Important Tips: Acetone can damage certain plastics, paints, and finishes, so always test it in an inconspicuous area first. Do not use acetone on leather, acetate fabrics, or materials with printed designs, as it can cause fading or damage. Keep acetone away from open flames, sparks, or heat sources, as it is highly flammable. Always work in a well-ventilated area or use appropriate personal protective equipment. Remember that acetone is a powerful solvent, so it's best suited for specific cleaning tasks like removing certain adhesives, paint splatters, or sticky residues. If you're uncertain about using acetone on a particular material or surface, consider seeking professional advice or trying an alternative cleaning method. What Is The Average Amount Of Acetone Used in Nail Polish Remover? The average amount of acetone used in commercial nail polish remover products typically ranges from 30% to 50%. This means that the nail polish remover solution contains 30% to 50% acetone, along with other ingredients such as water, emollients, and fragrances. The exact percentage can vary depending on the brand and formulation of the nail polish remover. When making your own nail polish remover at home, you can use pure acetone or a solution with a similar acetone concentration. Keep in mind that using pure acetone can be harsh on your nails and cuticles, potentially causing dryness and irritation with frequent use. It's a good idea to experiment with different acetone concentrations and observe how your nails and skin react to find the right balance between effective nail polish removal and gentle care for your nails. How Do you Dispose of Acetone? Disposing of acetone properly is important to ensure environmental and personal safety. Here are the steps to follow for proper acetone disposal: Check Local Regulations: Before disposing of acetone, check your local regulations and guidelines for hazardous waste disposal. Different regions may have specific requirements and disposal methods. Use a Secure Container: Transfer the acetone to a tightly sealed, labeled, and non-reactive container. Glass or metal containers with a secure lid are recommended. Label the Container: Clearly label the container with the contents ("Acetone"), the hazard symbol, and any other relevant information. Do Not Mix: Do not mix acetone with other chemicals, as this could lead to hazardous reactions. Contact Local Waste Disposal Facility: Contact your local hazardous waste disposal facility or municipality to inquire about drop-off locations and collection programs for hazardous materials. Do Not Pour Down the Drain: Do not pour acetone down the drain, toilet, or any other water source, as it can contaminate water systems and harm the environment. Evaporate in a Controlled Setting: If allowed by local regulations, you can let a small amount of acetone evaporate in a well-ventilated outdoor area. Ensure it's away from open flames, sparks, or ignition sources. Recycle or Reuse: Some regions may offer recycling or reclamation programs for acetone or other solvents. Research if any such programs are available in your area. Professional Disposal: If you have a large amount of acetone or are uncertain about the proper disposal method, consider contacting a professional hazardous waste disposal service. Remember, improper disposal of hazardous materials like acetone can harm the environment, human health, and local communities. Always prioritize safety and follow the regulations set by your local authorities for proper disposal.

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BVV™ Ethanol 200 Proof, SDA 3C Contains: Isopropyl Alcohol ~4.69% 100% AVB (alcohol by volume) HAZMAT ITEMS ARE NON-REFUNDABLE. ALL SALES ARE FINAL Specially Denatured Alcohol, 3C is a mixture of 200 proof grain ethanol mixed with just under 5% isopropyl alcohol.  Its laboratory grade and is used for scientific applications, perfume, reagent/solvent, personal care products, and research and as and as a fuel for certain types of lamps and burners. The term "200 proof" refers to the alcohol's strength, which is equivalent to 100% alcohol by volume (ABV). This means that there is no water or other substances present in the alcohol, making it very pure and highly concentrated. Ethanol 200 Proof, SDA 3C Certificate of Analysis (COA) Ethanol 200 Proof, SDA 3C Safety Data Sheet (SDS) Chemical Formula: C2H5OH Molecular Weight: 46.069 CAS Registry Number: Ethanol 64-17-5 Isopropyl Alcohol 67-63-0 Appearance Colorless Liquid Odor: wine-like, pungent Density 0.78945 g/cm3 @ 20 °C Boiling Point: 78.23C/172.81F Solubility in water: Miscible GHS Pictograms:    GHS Signal Word: Danger GHS Hazard Statements: H225, H319, H360D GHS Precautionary Statements P210, P233, P240, P241, P242, P305+P351+P338 UN Identification Number: 1170 Proper Shipping Name: Ethanol Transport Hazard Class: 3 Packing Group: II DOT Placard:

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35% Technical Grade Hydrogen Peroxide Our Technical-grade 35% peroxide tests at ~35.8%.  Our Technical Grade hydrogen peroxide is formulated with a special stabilizer package that replaces transition metals stabilizers typically found in hydrogen peroxide solutions. Our Peroxide is NSF® Certified.  NSF-certified means a product was independently verified for safety, sanitation, and quality by NSF. NSF certification is recognized by health departments, government agencies, and industry associations.  *Certified under ANSI/NSF Standard 60 Drinking Water Additives-Health Effects. Dosage levels shall be in accordance with NSF requirements. 55 Gallon Drum weights 500lbs, 330 Gallon Tote weighs 3000lbs. 35% Food Grade Hydrogen Peroxide Certificate of Analysis 35% Food Grade Hydrogen Peroxide Safety Data Sheet Our 34% hydrogen peroxide when diluted you can make a remarkably large volume of 3% hydrogen peroxide that can be used for a wide variety of applications.   1 Quart 35% Makes 4.2 Gallons of 3% 1 Gallon 35% Makes 11.5 Gallons of 3% 5 Gallon 35% Makes 57.8 Gallons of 3% 55 Gallon 35% Makes 634 Gallons of 3%   Some applications include... Elevating Plant Growth: Diluted hydrogen peroxide supports healthy roots and elevated oxygen availability in the soil. Excellent Cleaner for Food Prep Environments: Hydrogen peroxide is a disinfectant, that kills viruses and various forms of bacteria. Bleaching: Diluted hydrogen peroxide is a mild bleaching agent that can be used to clean stains.  Cleansing Fresh Produce: Diluted hydrogen peroxide can be used to clean fruits and vegetables.  Mold and Mildew Removal: Hydrogen peroxides strong oxidative qualities breakdown mold and mildew with ease.  How to Dilute 35% Hydrogen Peroxide to 3% Hydrogen Peroxide: 35% hydrogen peroxide Deionized distilled water A clean, empty Gallon bottle for the final 3% hydrogen peroxide solution Measuring cup Funnel Safety goggles Rubber gloves Apron or old clothes Steps to perform dilution: Wear safety goggles, rubber gloves, an apron or old clothing to protect yourself from spills and splashes.  Choose a well-ventilated space. Mix 1 part 34.83% hydrogen peroxide with 10 parts distilled water. Example: Mix 1 cup hydrogen peroxide, with 10 cups of distilled water.  To be exact, this will make slightly more than 3% solution of hydrogen peroxide – 3.46%. What Is Hydrogen Peroxide? Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) is a chemical compound composed of two hydrogen atoms and two oxygen atoms. It is a clear, colorless liquid with a slightly more viscous consistency than water. Hydrogen peroxide is commonly used for its powerful oxidizing properties and has a wide range of applications in various industries and household settings. What Are The Properties Of Hydrogen Peroxide? Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) is a clear, colorless liquid with several notable properties: Chemical Formula: H2O2 - It consists of two hydrogen atoms (H) and two oxygen atoms (O) linked by a single covalent bond, as well as a second oxygen atom connected to one of the hydrogen atoms by a single covalent bond. Molecular Weight: Approximately 34.01 grams per mole. Physical State: Hydrogen peroxide is a liquid at room temperature and pressure (25°C or 77°F). Odor: It has a slightly sharp and distinctive odor. Solubility: Hydrogen peroxide is miscible (mixes completely) with water in all proportions. Density: The density of hydrogen peroxide varies with concentration. A common concentration of 3% hydrogen peroxide has a density of approximately 1.01 grams per milliliter (g/mL). Boiling Point: The boiling point of hydrogen peroxide is approximately 150.2°C (302.4°F). Melting Point: Pure hydrogen peroxide does not have a distinct melting point because it decomposes before reaching a stable liquid state at atmospheric pressure. Reactivity: Hydrogen peroxide is a powerful oxidizing agent and is highly reactive with various substances, including organic compounds and some metals. It readily decomposes into water and oxygen when exposed to heat, light, or certain catalysts. Concentration: Hydrogen peroxide is available in various concentrations, with common household solutions typically being around 3%. Higher concentrations, such as 30% or 35%, are used in industrial and laboratory applications. pH: The pH of hydrogen peroxide solutions varies with concentration but is typically slightly acidic. Stability: Hydrogen peroxide solutions are not indefinitely stable and can decompose over time, especially when exposed to light, heat, or contaminants. Storing hydrogen peroxide in a cool, dark place in a well-sealed container helps preserve its stability. Safety: Concentrated hydrogen peroxide solutions can be hazardous and should be handled with care. Contact with skin or eyes should be avoided, and protective equipment may be required when working with high-concentration solutions. These properties make hydrogen peroxide a versatile chemical with various applications in industries ranging from healthcare and cosmetics to water treatment and rocket propulsion. The concentration and handling precautions should be considered based on the specific use and requirements of the application. What Is Hydrogen Peroxide Used For? Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) is used for a wide range of purposes in various industries and household settings due to its versatile properties. Some common uses of hydrogen peroxide include: Disinfectant and Antiseptic: Hydrogen peroxide is a common disinfectant and antiseptic agent. It is used to clean wounds, cuts, and minor injuries to prevent infection. In lower concentrations (typically 3%), it can be safely applied to the skin. Hair Bleaching and Dyeing: Many hair bleaching and hair dyeing products contain hydrogen peroxide as it can help break down the natural pigments in hair, lightening its color. Teeth Whitening: Hydrogen peroxide is used in some teeth whitening products and dental treatments to remove stains and discoloration from teeth. Cleaning Agent: It is used as a cleaning agent for surfaces, fabrics, and contact lenses due to its ability to break down and remove organic stains and deposits. Water Treatment: In water treatment processes, hydrogen peroxide can be used to remove contaminants, oxidize organic matter, and disinfect water supplies. Rocket Propellant: In the aerospace industry, highly concentrated hydrogen peroxide (usually around 90% purity) is used as a rocket propellant. Chemical Synthesis: Hydrogen peroxide is used in the synthesis of various chemicals and pharmaceuticals. Environmental Applications: It can be employed for soil and groundwater remediation, helping to break down pollutants and contaminants. Food Industry: In the food industry, hydrogen peroxide can be used for cleaning and disinfection of equipment and packaging materials. Cosmetics: It is used in some cosmetic and personal care products, such as hair dyes, hair bleaches, and skin creams. Textiles: Hydrogen peroxide is used in the textile industry to bleach fabrics and remove stains. Paper and Pulp Industry: It is used for bleaching paper pulp and improving the quality of paper products. Agriculture: In agriculture, hydrogen peroxide can be used as an oxygen source in soil, promoting plant growth. Medical and Laboratory Use: It is utilized for cleaning and sterilizing medical equipment and laboratory instruments. First Aid: Hydrogen peroxide is a household item for treating minor cuts and scrapes. The specific application and concentration of hydrogen peroxide used can vary depending on the intended purpose. Higher concentrations are typically used in industrial and chemical applications, while lower concentrations are common in household and personal care products. It's important to handle hydrogen peroxide with care, follow safety guidelines, and use the appropriate concentration for a given task. How Is Hydrogen Peroxide Produced? Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) is typically produced through one of two main methods: the anthraquinone process and the direct synthesis process. Both processes involve the reaction of hydrogen and oxygen in the presence of a catalyst to form hydrogen peroxide. Here's an overview of these two methods: Anthraquinone Process: This is the most common method for commercial hydrogen peroxide production. It involves a series of chemical reactions that use anthraquinone derivatives as catalysts. The process typically consists of the following steps: Hydrogenation: Anthraquinone derivatives are hydrogenated with hydrogen gas (H2) to form hydroquinone derivatives. Autoxidation: The hydroquinone derivatives react with oxygen (O2) to form anthraquinone derivatives again, while producing hydrogen peroxide in the process. Extraction: The hydrogen peroxide is then extracted from the reaction mixture. Oxidation of Anthraquinone: The anthraquinone derivatives are oxidized back to their original form for reuse in the process. Direct Synthesis Process: In this method, hydrogen and oxygen are directly combined to produce hydrogen peroxide using a catalyst. The reaction typically occurs in a gas-phase reactor, and the process is often referred to as the "direct synthesis" or "hydrogenation-oxygenation" process. Common catalysts used in this process include palladium or platinum on a support material. While these are the main methods for hydrogen peroxide production, there are other less common methods as well. The choice of production method depends on factors such as the desired concentration of hydrogen peroxide, production scale, and cost considerations. It's worth noting that hydrogen peroxide is a sensitive compound and can decompose over time, especially when exposed to heat, light, or contaminants. Therefore, it requires careful handling and storage to maintain its stability and effectiveness. Does Hydrogen Peroxide Expire? Hydrogen peroxide can degrade over time and may lose its effectiveness, so it can be said to have a shelf life rather than a strict expiration date. The shelf life of hydrogen peroxide depends on several factors, including its concentration, exposure to light, temperature, and how well it's stored. Here are some general guidelines: Concentration: Higher concentrations of hydrogen peroxide (e.g., 30% or 35%) tend to be more stable and have a longer shelf life compared to lower concentrations (e.g., 3% or 6%). Exposure to Light: Hydrogen peroxide is light-sensitive, and exposure to ultraviolet (UV) light can accelerate its decomposition. It is typically sold in brown or opaque containers to protect it from light. Temperature: Storage at higher temperatures can also speed up the decomposition of hydrogen peroxide. It should be stored at a cool, dry place away from heat sources. Contaminants: Contaminants or impurities can catalyze the decomposition of hydrogen peroxide. It's essential to keep the container tightly sealed and free from any potential contaminants. Age: Hydrogen peroxide degrades slowly over time, even when stored correctly. The rate of degradation is higher for lower concentrations. To maximize the shelf life and potency of hydrogen peroxide, follow these recommendations: Store it in its original, tightly sealed container. Keep it in a cool, dark place away from direct sunlight and heat sources. Check the expiration date on the container, if available. If you're unsure about the potency of an old bottle of hydrogen peroxide, consider testing it on a small, non-critical area before using it for medical or cleaning purposes. It's important to note that even if hydrogen peroxide has degraded, it may still be useful for some applications, such as cleaning and disinfecting surfaces. However, for medical or first-aid use, it's best to use hydrogen peroxide that is within its recommended shelf life to ensure its effectiveness. Is Hydrogen Peroxide Safe As Mouthwash? Hydrogen peroxide can be used as a mouthwash, but it should be used with caution and in a diluted form. Here are some important considerations: Dilution: Never use undiluted hydrogen peroxide as a mouthwash. It's too concentrated at its full strength and can cause irritation, burning, and tissue damage. Instead, dilute it with water. A common recommendation is to use a 3% hydrogen peroxide solution, which is typically sold in drugstores. Frequency: Do not use hydrogen peroxide as a mouthwash too frequently. Using it daily or excessively can lead to oral issues, including irritation and disruption of the natural balance of oral bacteria. Duration: When using hydrogen peroxide as a mouthwash, swish it around your mouth for a brief period, typically about 30 seconds, and then spit it out. Do not swallow it. Rinse Thoroughly: After using hydrogen peroxide as a mouthwash, rinse your mouth thoroughly with water to remove any residual hydrogen peroxide. Avoid Ingestion: Do not swallow hydrogen peroxide, even when diluted. Swallowing hydrogen peroxide can lead to stomach upset and other health issues. Consultation: Before using hydrogen peroxide as a mouthwash, it's a good idea to consult with your dentist or oral healthcare provider. They can provide guidance on its safe and appropriate use based on your specific oral health needs. Hydrogen peroxide can help kill harmful bacteria in the mouth and may be used as a short-term remedy for issues like canker sores or minor gum irritations. However, it is not a substitute for regular oral hygiene practices such as brushing, flossing, and using a fluoride-based mouthwash. If you experience any adverse reactions, such as severe irritation, burning, or pain, discontinue use immediately and consult a healthcare professional. It's important to use hydrogen peroxide as a mouthwash cautiously and in accordance with recommended guidelines to avoid potential side effects or harm to oral tissues. What Are The Hazards Of Hydrogen Peroxide? Hydrogen peroxide, while commonly used for various purposes, can pose certain hazards if mishandled or used improperly. Here are some of the potential hazards associated with hydrogen peroxide: Irritation and Burns: Hydrogen peroxide is a strong oxidizing agent and can cause skin and eye irritation upon contact. In higher concentrations or with prolonged exposure, it can lead to chemical burns. Ingestion: Ingesting concentrated hydrogen peroxide can be harmful and even life-threatening. It can cause gastrointestinal irritation, stomach pain, vomiting, and, in severe cases, internal burns or damage. Inhalation: Inhalation of hydrogen peroxide vapors can irritate the respiratory tract, leading to coughing, shortness of breath, and throat irritation. Explosive Hazards: Concentrated hydrogen peroxide solutions can be sensitive to shock, heat, or contamination with organic materials. This can lead to the potential for explosions or fires if mishandled. Skin Sensitization: Prolonged or repeated contact with hydrogen peroxide can lead to skin sensitization, where the skin becomes more sensitive or allergic to the chemical. Environmental Impact: Hydrogen peroxide can be harmful to aquatic life and the environment if not properly disposed of. It should not be released into natural waterways. hydrogen peroxide, consider the following precautions: Dilution: When using hydrogen peroxide, dilute it to the appropriate concentration for the intended purpose. Most household hydrogen peroxide solutions are 3%, while higher concentrations are used for industrial or medical applications. Protective Equipment: When handling concentrated hydrogen peroxide, wear appropriate personal protective equipment, including gloves and safety goggles. Ventilation: Use hydrogen peroxide in well-ventilated areas to minimize inhalation risks. First Aid: In case of skin or eye contact, rinse immediately with plenty of water. If ingested, seek medical attention. Storage: Store hydrogen peroxide in a cool, dark place away from flammable materials and heat sources. Dispose Properly: Dispose of hydrogen peroxide in accordance with local regulations. Do not pour it down drains or release it into the environment. Always follow the safety guidelines and instructions provided on the product label or by the manufacturer. If you have specific concerns or questions about handling hydrogen peroxide for a particular application, it's advisable to consult with a safety professional or chemical expert for guidance. How Can I Use Hydrogen Peroxide Safely? Using hydrogen peroxide safely involves taking appropriate precautions to minimize the risk of accidents or harm. Here are some guidelines for safe handling and use of hydrogen peroxide: Read the Label: Always read and follow the instructions and safety precautions provided on the hydrogen peroxide product label. Different concentrations may have different recommended uses and safety guidelines. Personal Protective Equipment (PPE): Wear appropriate personal protective equipment, including safety goggles or a face shield to protect your eyes. Use gloves made of materials that are compatible with hydrogen peroxide, such as nitrile or latex gloves. Ventilation: Use hydrogen peroxide in a well-ventilated area to minimize exposure to vapors. If you're using it in a confined space, consider using a fume hood or working near an open window or door. Concentration: Ensure that you are using the correct concentration of hydrogen peroxide for your specific application. Most household hydrogen peroxide solutions are typically 3%, but higher concentrations are available for industrial or medical use. Dilution: When diluting concentrated hydrogen peroxide, always add the hydrogen peroxide to water, not the other way around. This helps prevent splattering and potential reactions. Avoid Contaminants: Keep hydrogen peroxide away from organic materials (e.g., paper, cloth) and flammable substances, as it can react with them and potentially cause fires or explosions. Avoid Mixing: Do not mix hydrogen peroxide with other chemicals unless you are following a specific recipe or procedure that requires it. Mixing hydrogen peroxide with certain substances can be dangerous. First Aid: In case of skin contact, immediately rinse the affected area with plenty of water. If hydrogen peroxide comes into contact with your eyes, flush them with water for at least 15 minutes and seek medical attention if irritation persists. If ingested, do not induce vomiting. Seek medical attention immediately. Storage: Store hydrogen peroxide in a cool, dark place, away from direct sunlight and heat sources. Keep the container tightly closed when not in use. Disposal: Dispose of hydrogen peroxide in accordance with local regulations. Do not pour it down drains or release it into the environment. Emergency Response: Have access to an emergency eyewash station and safety shower if you are working with concentrated hydrogen peroxide. Keep a spill kit and appropriate cleanup materials on hand in case of accidents. Training: Ensure that individuals handling hydrogen peroxide are trained in its safe use and understand the potential hazards. If you are unsure about how to use hydrogen peroxide safely for a specific application, consider seeking guidance from a safety professional or chemical expert. Always exercise caution and pr

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BVV™ Ultra High Purity Lab Grade N-Hexane HAZMAT ITEMS ARE NON-REFUNDABLE. ALL SALES ARE FINAL (Note: Container style and color may vary) BVV™ Ultra High Purity Lab Grade N-Hexane is a perfect solution for cleaning up and clarifying the extracted material and removing the green colored plant material and some waxes out of the product to produce a cleaner end result when distilling extracts.    n-Hexane Safety Data Sheet   Chemical Formula: C6H14 Molecular Weight: 86.178 g·mol−1 CAS Registry Number: 110-54-3 Appearance Colorless Liquid Odor: Petrolic Density 0.6606 g mL−1 Boiling Point: 68.5 °C / 155.2 °F Solubility in water: 9.5 mg L−1 GHS Pictograms:     GHS Signal Word: Danger GHS Hazard Statements: H225, H302, H305, H315, H336, H361fd, H373, H411 GHS Precautionary Statements P201, P202, P210, P233, P235, P240, P241, P242, P243, P260, P264, P271, P273, P280, P281, P301+P330+P331, P302+P352, P303+P361+P353, P304+P340, P308+P313, P310, P312, P314, P332+P313, P363, P370+P378, P391, P403+P233, P405, P501 UN Identification Number: 1208 Proper Shipping Name: Hexanes Transport Hazard Class: 3 Packing Group: II DOT Placard:

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BVV™ High Purity Sodium Hydroxide 99% NSF Certified (Food Safe Chemical) Sodium Hydroxide is a highly versatile compound that finds extensive use in various applications, including acid-base extractions. As a strong base, Sodium Hydroxide is used to adjust the pH of aqueous solutions, making it an ideal choice for separating acidic and basic compounds during extraction. Also known as caustic soda, Sodium Hydroxide is a highly alkaline compound that is used in a wide range of applications beyond extraction including manufacturing, cleaning, and water treatment. At BVV, we pride ourselves on offering only the highest-quality chemicals and compounds, including Sodium Hydroxide. Our Sodium Hydroxide is a premium-grade product that is manufactured to the highest standards, ensuring exceptional quality and performance for your pH adjustment needs.  Our Sodium Hydroxide is NSF certified as a food safe chemical, which means it can be used in a variety of applications including drinking water and is evaluated safe for consumption.Our product is available in a range of sizes and quantities to suit your needs, and our team is always on hand to provide expert advice and support. High Purity Sodium Hydroxide Safety Data Sheet SDS High Purity Sodium Hydroxide Certificate of Analysis COA Chemical Formula: NaOH Molecular Weight: 39.9971 g/mol CAS Registry Number: 1310-73-2 Appearance White, hard (when pure), opaque crystals Odor: Odorless Density 2.13 g/cm3 Boiling Point: 1388°C / 2530°F Solubility in water: 418 g/L (0 °C)1000 g/L (25 °C)3370 g/L (100 °C) GHS Pictograms:   GHS Signal Word: Danger GHS Hazard Statements: H290, H302, H314 GHS Precautionary Statements P280, P305+P351+P338, P310 UN Identification Number: 1823 Proper Shipping Name: Sodium Hydroxide, solid Transport Hazard Class: 8 Packing Group: II DOT Placard: What Is Sodium Hydroxide? Sodium hydroxide, commonly known as lye or caustic soda, is a highly versatile and strong alkaline compound. It is represented by the chemical formula NaOH and consists of one sodium (Na+) ion, one hydrogen (H+) ion, and one hydroxide (OH-) ion. Sodium hydroxide is a white, odorless solid at room temperature and is highly soluble in water, producing a highly alkaline solution. It is widely used in various industries and applications, including manufacturing, chemical processes, cleaning agents, soap production, food processing, and more. What Is Sodium Hydroxide Used For? Sodium hydroxide (NaOH), commonly known as caustic soda or lye, has a wide range of industrial, commercial, and household uses due to its strong alkaline properties. Some of the common uses of sodium hydroxide include: Chemical Manufacturing: Sodium hydroxide is a key component in the production of various chemicals, including detergents, soaps, textiles, paper, and synthetic materials. Soap and Detergent Production: It is used in the saponification process to make soap and is also a crucial ingredient in many household and industrial cleaning products. Food Processing: Sodium hydroxide is used to process and refine certain foods, such as in the preparation of olives, cocoa, and chocolate. It is also used for peeling fruits and vegetables. Water Treatment: In water treatment, sodium hydroxide is used to adjust pH levels, remove acidity, and precipitate metals from wastewater. Petroleum Industry: It is used in refining petroleum products, including the removal of impurities from crude oil. Aluminum Production: Sodium hydroxide is employed in the extraction of alumina from bauxite ore and as an electrolyte in the aluminum extraction process. Pulp and Paper Industry: It is used in the pulping and bleaching processes of paper manufacturing. Textile Industry: Sodium hydroxide is utilized to process and dye textiles and fabrics. Pharmaceuticals: It is used in the manufacture of certain drugs and pharmaceutical products. Biodiesel Production: Sodium hydroxide is used as a catalyst in the transesterification process to produce biodiesel from vegetable oils or animal fats. Hydrogen Production: Sodium hydroxide is used to produce hydrogen gas through the electrolysis of water. Cleaning and Degreasing: It is used as a strong cleaning agent for surfaces, equipment, and industrial machinery due to its ability to dissolve oils, fats, and grease. Drain Cleaning: Sodium hydroxide-based drain cleaners are used to unclog and clean drains. pH Adjustment: In laboratories and industrial processes, sodium hydroxide is used to adjust the pH of solutions. It's important to note that sodium hydroxide is a highly caustic and reactive substance, and its use should be handled with care and appropriate safety measures. Is Sodium Hydroxide Lye? Yes, sodium hydroxide is commonly known as lye. Lye is a strong alkaline substance that is often used in various industrial, commercial, and household applications, as mentioned earlier. It is important to handle sodium hydroxide with caution, as it can cause severe burns and irritation if it comes into contact with skin or eyes. Proper safety measures should be taken when working with sodium hydroxide or lye. Are  Sodium Hydroxide and Caustic Soda The Same Thing? Yes, sodium hydroxide and caustic soda are the same thing. Caustic soda is a common name for sodium hydroxide, which is a strong alkaline chemical compound. Both terms refer to the same chemical substance with the chemical formula NaOH. It is used in various industrial, commercial, and household applications, including cleaning, manufacturing, and chemical processes. What Is Sodium Hydroxide Structure?   Sodium hydroxide (NaOH) has a simple molecular structure consisting of one sodium (Na) atom, one oxygen (O) atom, and one hydrogen (H) atom. The structure of sodium hydroxide can be visualized as follows: In this structure, the sodium atom (Na) is bonded to the oxygen atom (O) through an ionic bond, and the oxygen atom is bonded to the hydrogen atom (H) through a covalent bond. The hydroxide ion (OH-) is formed by the combination of the oxygen and hydrogen atoms, and it is the key component that gives sodium hydroxide its strong alkaline properties. What Is The pH of Sodium Hydroxide? The pH of sodium hydroxide (NaOH) is very high and strongly alkaline. Sodium hydroxide is a strong base and is commonly used to raise the pH of solutions. In its pure form, sodium hydroxide has a pH of approximately 14, which is the highest value on the pH scale. When dissolved in water, it dissociates into hydroxide ions (OH-) and sodium ions (Na+), resulting in a highly alkaline solution with a pH greater than 14. The exact pH of a sodium hydroxide solution will depend on its concentration and the amount dissolved in the solventWhat Are The Hazards of Sodium Hydroxide? Is Sodium Hydroxide A Weak or Strong Base? Sodium hydroxide (NaOH) is considered a strong base. It is highly soluble in water and dissociates completely into sodium ions (Na+) and hydroxide ions (OH-) when dissolved. This complete dissociation results in a high concentration of hydroxide ions in the solution, making sodium hydroxide a strong and effective source of hydroxide ions for chemical reactions. Strong bases like sodium hydroxide have a high tendency to accept protons (H+) from other substances, leading to the characteristic properties of strong bases, such as high alkalinity and the ability to neutralize acids.What Is Sodium Hydroxide? What Are The Hazards of Sodium Hydroxide? Sodium hydroxide (NaOH) is a caustic and highly reactive compound, and its use should be handled with care due to the following hazards: Corrosive to Skin and Tissues: Sodium hydroxide is highly corrosive and can cause severe burns upon contact with the skin, eyes, and mucous membranes. It can damage and destroy living tissue upon contact, leading to chemical burns and tissue damage. Inhalation Hazard: Inhaling sodium hydroxide dust, fumes, or mists can irritate the respiratory tract and cause coughing, shortness of breath, and lung irritation. Prolonged exposure to airborne sodium hydroxide particles can lead to more serious respiratory effects. Eye Irritation: Contact with sodium hydroxide can cause irritation, redness, and damage to the eyes. Severe exposure can lead to permanent eye damage or blindness if not promptly treated. Reactivity: Sodium hydroxide is highly reactive and can react violently with certain substances, especially acids. Mixing sodium hydroxide with acids can result in rapid heat generation, spattering, and potentially explosive reactions. Environmental Impact: Sodium hydroxide is harmful to aquatic life and can lead to water pollution if released into the environment. It is important to properly dispose of sodium hydroxide-containing solutions and prevent their release into water systems. Corrosion of Materials: Sodium hydroxide can corrode metals and other materials, causing structural damage and weakening of containers, pipes, and equipment. Toxicity: Ingesting sodium hydroxide can cause severe internal burns, damage to the digestive system, and even death. Ingestion can lead to life-threatening medical emergencies and requires immediate medical attention. To mitigate these hazards, it is essential to handle sodium hydroxide with proper protective equipment, such as gloves, goggles, and lab coats, in a well-ventilated area. Proper storage, labeling, and disposal procedures should also be followed to prevent accidents and environmental contamination. How Do I Use Sodium Hydroxide Safely? Sodium hydroxide, also known as caustic soda or lye, is a highly caustic and potentially dangerous chemical. It's essential to handle and use it safely to prevent accidents or injuries. Here are guidelines for safely using sodium hydroxide: Protective Equipment: Wear appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE), including chemical-resistant gloves, safety goggles or a full-face shield, a lab coat or chemical-resistant apron, and closed-toe shoes with chemical-resistant soles. Work in a Controlled Environment: Work in a well-ventilated area, such as a fume hood, to minimize exposure to fumes. Adequate ventilation helps disperse any fumes produced during handling. Avoid Skin Contact: In case of skin contact, immediately flush the affected area with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes. Remove contaminated clothing and seek medical attention if irritation or burns occur. Prevent Eye Contact: Wear chemical-resistant safety goggles or a full-face shield to protect your eyes from splashes. If sodium hydroxide comes into contact with your eyes, rinse them immediately with water for at least 15 minutes and seek medical attention. Use Appropriate Containers: Use containers made of materials that are compatible with sodium hydroxide, such as glass or certain types of plastic. Avoid using aluminum or reactive metals. Dilution Procedure: When diluting sodium hydroxide in water, always add the chemical to the water, not the other way around. Stir gently while adding to prevent splashing. Label Containers: Properly label containers holding sodium hydroxide solutions with appropriate hazard warnings and information. Handling Crystals or Pellets: Handle sodium hydroxide crystals or pellets with dry hands or appropriate gloves to avoid skin contact. Always use tools (e.g., scoops or spatulas) to handle solid sodium hydroxide. Do Not Inhale Fumes: Avoid inhaling sodium hydroxide fumes. Work in a well-ventilated area, and if working with large quantities or generating fumes, use a fume hood or wear a chemical-resistant mask with appropriate filters. Emergency Equipment: Have access to emergency equipment, such as eye wash stations and safety showers, in case of accidental exposure. Know the location of fire extinguishers and fire alarm systems. Spill Response: In case of a sodium hydroxide spill, follow your organization's spill response procedures. Typically, this involves containing the spill, neutralizing with an acid if appropriate, and safely cleaning it up. Storage: Store sodium hydroxide in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area, away from incompatible substances (e.g., acids, organic materials). Keep containers tightly closed when not in use. Dispose of Waste Properly: Dispose of sodium hydroxide waste in accordance with local, state, and federal regulations. It is considered hazardous waste and should be handled and disposed of as such. Training and Knowledge: Ensure that personnel working with sodium hydroxide are adequately trained in its safe handling, storage, and disposal. Training should include hazard recognition, first aid procedures, and emergency response protocols. First Aid: Familiarize yourself with the appropriate first aid measures for sodium hydroxide exposure, including how to treat skin contact, eye exposure, and ingestion. Medical Monitoring: If workers are regularly exposed to sodium hydroxide, consider implementing a medical monitoring program to track their health and detect early signs of exposure-related issues. Always follow the safety guidelines and procedures established by your organization or regulatory authorities when working with sodium hydroxide. Remember that sodium hydroxide is a highly caustic substance, and improper handling can result in severe burns or other injuries. Prioritize safety and take appropriate precautions to protect yourself and others from potential hazards associated with sodium hydroxide.

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BVV™ Food & Lab Grade Glacial Acetic Acid 99.8% pH: 2.4 Looking for a food-grade acid for your acid-base extraction? Our premium Glacial Acetic Acid is precisely what you need! As a leading supplier of high-purity solvents & chemicals, we provide the purest Glacial Acetic Acid available for your acid-base extraction and pH adjustment needs, ensuring exceptional results every time. Acetic acid, also known as ethanoic acid, is a versatile organic compound that plays a significant role in various industries and everyday life. It is a colorless liquid with a pungent, vinegar-like odor. Acetic acid  (CH3COOH) is a weak acid that is highly soluble in water and many organic solvents. Due to its unique properties, acetic acid is widely used as a solvent, preservative, and flavoring agent in the food and beverage industry. It is also a key component in the production of vinyl acetate, which is used in the manufacturing of adhesives, coatings, and textiles. Furthermore, acetic acid is utilized in the synthesis of numerous chemicals, including pharmaceuticals, dyes, and plastics. Its diverse range of applications makes acetic acid an essential compound in many industrial processes, where it contributes to the creation of countless products that we encounter in our daily lives. Glacial Acetic Acid, also known as ethanoic acid, is a highly concentrated and pure form of acetic acid.  Its name, "glacial," refers to its ability to freeze at a relatively low temperature (16.6C/61.9F). This characteristic sets it apart from other forms of acetic acid, making it ideal for various industrial applications, including acid-base extraction. Our Glacial Acetic Acid contains less than 1% water and is also considered water-free anhydrous acetic acid.   In acid-base extraction, Glacial Acetic Acid serves as an essential component due to its unique properties. It acts as a weak acid, enabling the extraction of alkaline compounds from organic mixtures. With our premium Glacial Acetic Acid, you can achieve efficient separation of target compounds by adjusting the pH and facilitating the formation of soluble salts. In addition to its use in acid-base extraction, our Glacial Acetic Acid finds widespread application in various industries, including pharmaceuticals, textiles, and food processing. It is also known for its ability to dissolve and remove mineral deposits, making it an excellent choice for descaling and cleaning applications. At BVV, we take pride in delivering premium solvents, chemicals, and adsorbents that exceed customer expectations. Our team of experts is always available to provide personalized support and guidance, ensuring that you find the right solution for your needs. With our high-purity Glacial Acetic Acid & Sodium Hydroxide, you can optimize your acid-base extraction processes and pH adjustment needs to achieve exceptional results. Ready to elevate your acid-base extraction procedures? Order our High Purity Glacial Acetic Acid & Sodium Hydroxide today and experience its superior quality and performance firsthand. Contact us now to learn more and take advantage of our competitive prices and prompt delivery. Unlock the potential of your acid-base extractions with BVV!   Flashpoint: 102°F Molecular Formula: C2H4O2 CAS No.: 64-19-7 UN 2789 Freezing Point: 16.6°C (61.9°F) Boiling Point: 117.9°C (244.2°F) Density: 1.05 g/cm3 @ 25°C (77°F) Water Solubility: 602.9 g/l completely Soluble @ 25°C (77°F) Acetic Acid Glacial 99.8% Certificate of Analysis (COA) Acetic Acid Glacial 99.8% Safety Data Sheet (SDS) Chemical Formula: CH3COOH Molecular Weight: 60.052 g·mol−1 CAS Registry Number: 64-19-7 Appearance Colorless, transparent liquid,  Odor: Heavily vinegar-like Density 1.049 g/cm3 (liquid); 1.27 g/cm3 (solid) Boiling Point: 16 °C / 61°F GHS Pictograms: GHS Signal Word: Danger GHS Hazard Statements: H226, H314 GHS Precautionary Statements P280, P305+P351+P338, P310 UN Identification Number: 2789 Proper Shipping Name: Acetic Acid, Glacial Transport Hazard Class: 8 Packing Group: II DOT Placard: What is Acetic Acid? Acetic acid, also known as ethanoic acid, is a colorless liquid organic compound with a distinct sour taste and pungent smell. It is a member of the carboxylic acid family and is classified as a weak acid due to its partial ionization in aqueous solutions. Acetic acid is a fundamental building block in various chemical reactions and is commonly found in vinegar, giving it its characteristic sour taste. Chemically represented as CH3COOH, acetic acid consists of two main components: a carboxyl group (-COOH) and a methyl group (-CH3). It is produced naturally through fermentation processes, where bacteria convert ethanol into acetic acid. Additionally, acetic acid can be synthesized through various chemical methods for industrial applications. Acetic acid is widely utilized in various industries, including food, pharmaceuticals, textiles, and chemicals. It serves as a crucial ingredient in the production of plastics, solvents, dyes, and synthetic fibers. Its versatile nature makes it an essential component in countless products and processes, contributing to a wide range of applications across different sectors. What Is Acetic Acids Formula? Chemically represented as CH3COOH, acetic acid consists of two main components: a carboxyl group (-COOH) and a methyl group (-CH3). It is produced naturally through fermentation processes, where bacteria convert ethanol into acetic acid. Additionally, acetic acid can be synthesized through various chemical methods for industrial applications. What is Acetic Acids Structure? The structure of acetic acid consists of two carbon atoms (C), four hydrogen atoms (H), and two oxygen atoms (O) arranged in a specific pattern. It forms a molecule with a central carbon atom bonded to two oxygen atoms: one oxygen atom is double-bonded to the carbon (C=O) and the other is bonded via a single bond (C-OH). This arrangement creates a carboxyl group (COOH) at one end of the molecule. The remaining carbon and hydrogen atoms are bonded in a linear chain, resulting in the overall molecular structure of CH3COOH. What Is Acetic Acids Molar Mass? The molar mass of a chemical compound is a measure of the mass of one mole of that substance, expressed in grams per mole (g/mol). For acetic acid (CH3COOH), which is a simple organic compound, the molar mass is calculated by adding up the atomic masses of all the individual atoms in its chemical formula. Let's break down the components of acetic acid: Carbon (C) - Atomic mass: 12.01 g/mol Hydrogen (H) - Atomic mass: 1.01 g/mol (there are 2 hydrogen atoms) Oxygen (O) - Atomic mass: 16.00 g/mol (there are 2 oxygen atoms) Another Oxygen (O) - Atomic mass: 16.00 g/mol Hydrogen (H) - Atomic mass: 1.01 g/mol (there is 1 hydrogen atom) Now, add up the atomic masses: 12.01 g/mol (C) + 1.01 g/mol (H) + 1.01 g/mol (H) + 16.00 g/mol (O) + 16.00 g/mol (O) + 1.01 g/mol (H) = 60.05 g/mol Therefore, the molar mass of acetic acid is approximately 60.05 g/mol. This value is crucial for various chemical calculations and reactions involving acetic acid, including determining quantities in chemical reactions or preparing solutions with specific concentrations. What is the PKA of Acetic Acid? The pKa of acetic acid (CH3COOH) is approximately 4.75. The pKa value represents the acidity of a compound and indicates the strength of its dissociation in aqueous solution. Acetic acid is a weak acid, meaning that it does not completely dissociate into ions in water and has a relatively low tendency to donate protons (H+ ions). Is Acetic Acid A Weak or Strong Acid? Acetic acid (CH3COOH) is considered a weak acid. Weak acids are substances that only partially dissociate into ions when dissolved in water. In the case of acetic acid, it releases a limited number of hydrogen ions (H+) and acetate ions (CH3COO-) in water. This is in contrast to strong acids, which completely dissociate into ions and release a higher concentration of hydrogen ions in solution. What Is The Boiling Point of Acetic Acid? The boiling point of acetic acid is approximately 118.1 degrees Celsius (244.5 degrees Fahrenheit) at standard atmospheric pressure. However, this value can vary slightly depending on factors such as atmospheric pressure and impurities present in the acetic acid. What Is The Density of Acetic Acid? The density of acetic acid is approximately 1.049 grams per cubic centimeter (g/cm³) at 20 degrees Celsius (68 degrees Fahrenheit). Keep in mind that the density of acetic acid can vary slightly with temperature and concentration. What Is Glacial Acetic Acid? Glacial acetic acid, also known as anhydrous acetic acid, is a highly concentrated and pure form of acetic acid. The term "glacial" is used to describe its appearance, as it solidifies into ice-like crystals at room temperature due to its high freezing point. Glacial acetic acid typically has a concentration of around 99-100%, making it one of the purest forms of acetic acid available. This highly concentrated form of acetic acid is commonly used in various industrial, laboratory, and chemical applications. It is often utilized as a solvent, reagent, or catalyst in chemical reactions, as well as in the production of various chemicals, plastics, textiles, and pharmaceuticals. Glacial acetic acid's high purity and reactivity make it a valuable component in many manufacturing processes and scientific experiments. It's important to handle glacial acetic acid with care due to its corrosive and strong acidic properties. Proper safety precautions should be taken when working with this substance, including using appropriate protective equipment and following recommended handling procedures. What Is Acetic Acid Used For? Acetic acid is a versatile chemical compound with a wide range of applications across various industries. Here are some common uses of acetic acid: Food and Beverage Industry: Acetic acid is a key component in the production of vinegar, which is used as a condiment, flavor enhancer, and food preservative. It is also used in the production of pickles, sauces, and dressings. Chemical Industry: Acetic acid is used as a chemical intermediate in the production of various chemicals, including acetate esters, acetic anhydride, and vinyl acetate monomer. These chemicals are used in the manufacturing of plastics, synthetic fibers, dyes, and pharmaceuticals. Cleaning and Disinfecting: Acetic acid is commonly used as an environmentally friendly cleaning agent due to its mild acidity and disinfectant properties. It can effectively remove mineral deposits, stains, and mold from surfaces. Textile Industry: Acetic acid is used in the production of acetate fibers, which are used to make fabrics, textiles, and clothing items. It is also employed in dyeing and finishing processes. Photography: Acetic acid is used in photographic processes, including film development and as a fixing agent for prints. Preservation: Acetic acid is used to preserve and prevent spoilage in various agricultural products, such as fruits and vegetables. Laboratory and Research: Acetic acid is commonly used in laboratories for various purposes, including chemical analysis, pH adjustment, and buffer preparation. Medicine and Pharmaceuticals: Acetic acid is used in the synthesis of pharmaceutical compounds and as a solvent for certain medications and ointments. Wastewater Treatment: Acetic acid is used in wastewater treatment processes to adjust pH levels and promote the growth of beneficial microorganisms. Tanning Industry: Acetic acid is used in leather tanning processes to adjust the pH of the solutions and aid in the removal of unwanted substances. Plastics and Polymers: Acetic acid is a precursor in the production of polyvinyl acetate (PVA) and other polymer materials used in adhesives, coatings, and paints. Oil and Gas Industry: Acetic acid is employed in the oil and gas industry for processes such as well drilling, acidizing, and corrosion inhibition. Electronics Industry: Acetic acid is used for cleaning and etching electronic components and printed circuit boards. These are just a few examples of the diverse applications of acetic acid. Its chemical properties make it a valuable ingredient in numerous industrial and consumer products, contributing to various processes and sectors. What Are The Hazards of Acetic Acid? Acetic acid is generally considered safe when used properly and handled with care. However, like any chemical compound, it can pose certain hazards if not used and managed correctly. Here are some potential hazards associated with acetic acid: Corrosive Nature: Acetic acid is a corrosive substance, and concentrated solutions can cause severe irritation or burns to the skin, eyes, and respiratory tract upon direct contact. Prolonged exposure to the skin or eyes can result in chemical burns and tissue damage. Inhalation Risks: Inhaling acetic acid vapors or mists can irritate the respiratory system, causing symptoms such as coughing, shortness of breath, and throat irritation. Prolonged or intense exposure to vapors can lead to more severe respiratory effects. Fire and Explosion Hazard: Acetic acid is flammable, with a low flashpoint. Concentrated vapors or mists can ignite and potentially cause fires or explosions when exposed to an open flame, spark, or heat source. Incompatibility: Acetic acid may react with certain chemicals and substances, resulting in potentially hazardous reactions or releases of toxic gases. Proper storage and handling procedures are essential to prevent such interactions. Toxicity: Ingesting or consuming concentrated acetic acid can lead to serious health issues, including chemical burns in the digestive tract, internal injuries, and other toxic effects. Ingestion should be avoided. Environmental Impact: Improper disposal or release of acetic acid into the environment can harm aquatic life and ecosystems. It can also contribute to air pollution when released into the atmosphere. Sensitization: Prolonged or repeated exposure to acetic acid can lead to sensitization, where an individual becomes more susceptible to adverse effects upon subsequent exposures. To mitigate these hazards and ensure safe handling of acetic acid, it's important to follow proper safety guidelines and precautions How Do I Use Glacial Acetic Acid Safely? Using glacial acetic acid safely is essential due to its corrosive and strong acidic properties. Follow these guidelines to ensure safe handling and use: Personal Protective Equipment (PPE): Wear appropriate PPE, including chemical-resistant gloves, safety goggles, a lab coat or protective clothing, and closed-toe shoes to prevent contact with the skin, eyes, and clothing. Well-Ventilated Area: Work in a well-ventilated area or use a fume hood to minimize inhalation exposure. Ensure proper ventilation to prevent the buildup of fumes. Avoid Contact: Avoid direct skin contact with glacial acetic acid. In case of accidental skin contact, immediately rinse the affected area with copious amounts of water and seek medical attention if irritation persists. Eye Protection: Wear safety goggles or a face shield to protect your eyes from potential splashes or fumes. In case of eye contact, rinse the eyes thoroughly with water and seek immediate medical assistance. Handling and Pouring: When handling glacial acetic acid, use chemical-resistant containers and utensils. Pour slowly to avoid splashing and minimize the release of fumes. Always use a chemical-resistant funnel for transferring the acid. Dilution: If dilution is required, always add glacial acetic acid to water, never the other way around. Adding water to the acid can cause a violent reaction. Storage: Store glacial acetic acid in a cool, dry, and well-ventilated area, away from direct sunlight and incompatible substances. Ensure proper labeling of containers and keep them tightly sealed to prevent evaporation and fume release. First Aid: Have an eyewash station and safety shower readily accessible in case of accidental exposure. Know the location of emergency exits and procedures. Emergency Response: In case of spills or leaks, contain and absorb the acid using appropriate absorbent materials. Neutralize any spilled acid with a suitable neutralizing agent under proper ventilation. Dispose of contaminated materials as hazardous waste. Training: Ensure that personnel handling glacial acetic acid are trained in its proper handling, storage, and emergency response procedures. Regularly review safety protocols. Medical Attention: If you experience skin contact, eye exposure, or inhalation of fumes, seek medical attention immediately. Provide medical professionals with accurate information about the substance involved. Always refer to the Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) or Safety Data Sheet (SDS) provided by the manufacturer for specific safety information and handling guidelines for the glacial acetic acid product you are using. Following proper safety protocols and practices is crucial to prevent accidents and ensure the well-being of individuals working with glacial acetic acid.

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BVV C8/C10 MCT Oil Derived only from coconuts (Food Grade) 60/40 - 60%C8 / 40%C10   Soy Free, Non-GMO, Gluten Free, Dye Free, Dairy Free/Vegan Medium Chain Triglycerides (MCT’s) are fats that are naturally found in coconut and palm kernel oil. MCT’s are more easily and rapidly digested than other types of fats, as they require lower amounts of enzymes and bile acids for intestinal absorption. MCT’s are metabolized very quickly in the liver and are reported to encourage energy expenditure, and not fat storage. Numerous studies suggest that substituting MCT Oil for other fats in a healthy diet may therefore help to support healthy weight and body composition.* Suggested Usage As a dietary supplement, take 1 tablespoon (15 mL) 1 to 3 times daily. MCT Oil can also be used as a substitute for conventional oils in salad dressings, sauces or cooking as a source of beneficial fatty acids. Not recommended for use in frying due to low boiling point Caution: For adults only. MCT Oil may cause GI upset. To reduce these effects, take with food. Consult physician if pregnant/nursing, taking medication, or have a medical condition. Keep out of reach of children. Storage Guidance: Store in a cool, dry and dark environment in a tightly sealed original container. After opening, product can be refrigerated or stored at cool room temperature.     Please note*** These statements have not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration. This product is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure or prevent any disease.   BVV MCT Oil - COA BVV MCT Oil - SDS    

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BVV Mineral Oil 7 White NF (USP/NF) Food Grade White mineral oil can be used for many applications.  Industrial, cosmetics, and food processing.  Our Mineral Oil can be used in direct skin and food contact.  Our oil is colorless, odorless and tasteless .  This mineral oil can act as a non-conductive coolant, thermal fluid, lubricant, release agent, binder, defoamer, protective coating or float, sealing and polishing agent, dust control agent, and more. It has applications in three main areas: The industrial sector Cosmetics Food processing While those three sectors use this element most widely, it has a variety of other applications. White mineral oil is a standard household item, but has also found uses in some niche markets. The substance is versatile and has many properties making it useful in a range of applications. Food Grade Certified to FDA 21 CFR 172.878  BVV Mineral Oil 7 White NF - COA   BVV Mineral Oil 7 White NF  - Spec Sheet  BVV Mineral Oil 7 White NF - SDS  What is a food grade mineral oil? To use mineral oil in food preparation, it must be classified as a food-grade mineral oil. This is vital for health and safety as well as legal compliance. The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has established standards any 'food-grade' substance must meet for both direct additions to foods and uses that may result in incidental contact with food. The requirements for purity, amount used, and processes vary based on how one uses mineral oil. The United States Pharmacopoeia (USP) and the National Formulary (NF) first created guidelines for the use of mineral oil in manufacturing. The FDA requires that food-grade mineral oil meet USP XX test requirements for readily carbonizable substances, which USP released in 1980, and USP XVII test requirements for sulfur compounds. It also needs to meet the specifications in Volume 45 of the Journal of the Association of Official Analytical Chemists. Mineral oil used as a lubricant for food-processing machinery must be registered with NSF International, an independent global food safety organization, as lubricants for incidental food contact to be used in food-processing plants under the jurisdiction of the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA).  Other organizations oversee mineral oil use in other industries. For example, the Association of American Feed Control Officials (AAFCO) governs its use as a dust control agent for animal feeds. This classification is different, however, from food-grade mineral oil. Mineral oil used in the production of pharmaceuticals must be considered pharmaceutical-grade. The cosmetics and medical industry use highly refined mineral oil to avoid irritating the skin, eyes, and other body parts. Mineral oil chemical formula Mineral oils coming from crude petroleum oils vary in their make-up and contain complex structures. They include mixtures of straight and branched-chain paraffinic, naphthenic, and aromatic hydrocarbons. Alkanes, which are acyclic saturated hydrocarbons, are a significant component. They are made up of hydrogen and carbon atoms in a tree structure where all the carbon-to-carbon bonds are single. Mineral oil typically contains between 15 and 40 hydrocarbons. Mineral oil attributes Understanding the physical and chemical properties of mineral oil will help you to determine how best to use it in your industrial, food-processing, or other processes. These attributes may differ depending on the type of mineral used, how you use it, and whether any other substances get added to the oil. Mineral oil is a clear, colorless, and odorless liquid. This lack of strong physical qualities helps make it valuable in a variety of applications. Manufacturers can add it to products without changing their color, scent, flavor, or other crucial aspects. Mineral oil is also generally regarded as safe for human consumption, but in limited amounts. These features enable its use in the food processing and pharmaceutical sectors. Refined mineral oil does not clog pores, which allows for its use in cosmetics. Mineral oil has a density of 0.85 grams per milliliter (g/ml), and its specific gravity is 0.845 - 0.905. Its kinematic viscosity is greater than or equal to 38.1 millimeters squared per second (mm2/s). It is insoluble in water. The substance has an initial boiling point of 424.4 degrees Fahrenheit (°F) and a boiling range that extends up to 1189.4 °F. Its flash point is 275.00 °F closed cup and 380.00 °F open cup. It has an auto-ignition temperature of 500 °F, and its heat of combustion is 31.5 kilojoules per gram (kJ/g). As mentioned above, mineral oil has an NFPA flammability rating of one, a health rating of zero, and a reactivity rating of zero, meaning it is not a high fire risk. One of the most beneficial attributes of white mineral oil is its lubrication capabilities. This is the primary reason it has so many industrial, mechanical, food-processing, and medical applications. This property plays a crucial role in many manufacturing and food production processes. Its ability to transfer heat and its non-conductivity enable mineral oil's use as a coolant in a various electronic and mechanical equipment, as well as in industrial processes. Its resistance to water and other liquids, as well as insolubility in water, allow mineral oil to function as a sealant and binder in a variety of products. Safety Mineral oil is not regarded as an especially dangerous substance, but like all chemicals, users should handle it with appropriate care and precautions. A Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS) for mineral oil may include the following information: Eyes: Mineral oil may cause eye irritation if it comes into contact with them. Flush eyes for several minutes and seek medical attention. Skin: It may cause skin irritation if prolonged contact with skin occurs. Remove contaminated clothing and wash affected areas or shower. Get medical attention if irritation persists. Inhalation: Inhaling mineral oil mist may irritate the respiratory tract and lungs. If this occurs, move to fresh air. Get medical attention if irritation persists. Ingestion: Ingestion can cause gastrointestinal irritation and result in nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea. If conscious, rinse mouth and drink water. Do not induce vomiting. If irritation persists, get medical attention. Mineral oil is combustible but has a low flammability rating. Having a National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) rating of one, means mineral oil must be preheated to ignite. Mineral oil has an instability rating of zero, which means it is stable even under fire conditions, and a health rating of zero, meaning it does not create any additional hazards beyond normal combustibility. You can extinguish a mineral oil fire using water fog, foam, dry chemical powder, or carbon dioxide (CO2) but should not use a water jet as this can spread the fire.If you encounter a spill of mineral oil, keep unnecessary personnel away, wear protective equipment, and absorb the spill with an absorbent material before cleaning the affected surface to remove any residue. Applications for mineral oil Mineral oil is inert, which makes it easy to use. Both consumers and businesses in a range of industries use mineral oil for a variety of applications. The three sectors named above primarily use mineral oil, but it appears across a wide range of industries and applications. Here are some of the most common uses in the industrial, personal care, and food production sectors. Use in cosmetics You can find mineral oil in many different cosmetics products including baby lotions, ointment, make-up remover, sunscreens, hair conditioner, and even tissues. Mineral oil is an ideal base material for many of these products because it is inert, colorless, and odorless. Mineral oils may appear in cosmetics as liquid oils or solid waxes. Some kinds of mineral oils are comedogenic, meaning they clog pores. Because of this, the mineral oil used in skincare and cosmetic products is noncomedogenic and does not clog pores. In fact, cosmetics companies often describe mineral oil as having moisturizing, protective, and cleansing properties for the skin. Additionally, these oils are used to give cosmetic products film-forming and water-repellent features as well as increased firmness. Use in food processing The food processing and preparation industries frequently use mineral oil. Sometimes, manufacturers add mineral oil directly to food. At other times, mineral oil assists in the production process but is not added to food directly. As mentioned earlier, all mineral oil that may come into contact with food must achieve classification as food-grade, and it must be used in accordance with all relevant laws and regulations. Food producers use mineral oil as a: Binder, release agent, or lubricant in bakery products, dehydrated foods, egg white solids, and in tablets or capsules for adding nutrients, flavoring, spices, or for use as a dietary supplement Release agent, sealing agent, and polishing agent in confectioners Protective coating on raw fruits and vegetables Defoamer in vinegar and beet sugar production Dough divider Dust control agent for grains. Binder, release agent, and lubricant in the manufacturing of yeast   Mineral oil plays a role in some of the non-food products used to prepare, serve, and eat food. In these situations, the oil should also be food-grade. When applied to cookware, bakeware, and cooking utensils, mineral oil prevents food from sticking to them. People rub it onto the surface of wooden cutting boards, bowls, and utensils to prevent them from absorbing water, which can damage them. Mineral oil also prevents wood-based cooking tools from absorbing food liquids and odors, which makes cleaning easier. It acts as a lubricant for food processing equipment as well. Industrial, mechanical, and electrical uses Mineral oil serves to assist with various industrial, mechanical, and electrical purposes. It is an effective lubricant for industrial equipment and often functions as a processing aid. It is an element that helps make up various substances used in industrial processes, such as lubricants, greases, dyes, polymers, and surface treatment products. Mineral oil also acts as a thermal fluid or non-conductive coolant in various electric components. In refrigerators and oil-based electric heaters, mineral oil is used as a cooling liquid. In switchgear, it serves as an insulator and a coolant to diffuse switching arcs. In the production of plastics, mineral oil is used to control the melt flow rate of finished polymer and act as a release agent. Automotive equipment frequently uses mineral oil, primarily as a component in hydraulic liquids in automotive suspension, as well as in lubricants in brake fluids and motor oil.

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CDA 12A w/ Toluene HAZMAT ITEMS ARE NON-REFUNDABLE. ALL SALES ARE FINAL (Note: Container style and color may vary) BVV's Ultra High Purity Toluene Denatured Ethanol (CDA 12A) is distinguished by its exceptional purity, Our CDA 12A formulation combines 95% Food Grade/USP/ACS 200 Proof Ethanol, derived from corn, with ~5% high-purity Toluene. Adhering to stringent industry standards, ensuring it meets the precise requirements of our customers, our Ultra High Purity Toluene Denatured Ethanol excels across diverse applications widely adopted as an effective botanical extraction solvent. Being that our Ultra High Purity Denatured Ethanol is made unfit for consumption when denatured with Toluene it is not subject to the Federal Excise Tax on alcohol saving you a huge cost without compromising on it suitability for top-tier extractions.  Primarily utilized as pure ethanol in extraction processes, this solvent is favored for its cost-effectiveness and extraction efficiency.  Reduce manufacturing costs and increase extraction efficiency with BVV's Ultra High Purity Toluene Denatured Ethanol. Disclaimer: Prices may vary due to market value and for orders of 4 totes or more and a tanker there could be up to a 2 week lead time. Call in for more accurate lead times. Spigots/Faucets are only compatible with 5 Gallon Plastic Jugs and must be purchased separately Trigger Sprayer is only compatible with 1QT and 1 Gallon sizes Key Features: Significantly Reduced Cost due to the absence of Federal Tax Produces Exceptional Quality Extractions Leaves No Residuals or Tastes Evaporates Completely in a Rotary Evaporator    Specifications Vapor Pressure: 40.9mmHg at 20°C UN Numbe 1170 Density: 0.7905g/cm³ Specific Gravity 0.7905 Flash Point: 13.9°C (57°F) Boiling Point: 78.5°C (173°F) Melting Point: -90.0°C (-130°F) Chemical Formula: Ethanol C2H6ON-Heptane C7H16 CAS#(s) Ethanol 64-17-5N-Heptane142-82-5 Chemical Formula: Ethanol C2H6ON-Heptane C7H16 Molecular Weight: 72.1057 CAS Registry Number: Ethanol 64-17-5N-Heptane142-82-5 Appearance Colorless Liquid Odor: Mint or acetone-like Density  0.7905g/cm³ Boiling Point: 78.5c/173.3F Solubility in water: Miscible GHS Pictograms: GHS Signal Word: Danger GHS Hazard Statements: H225, H319 GHS Precautionary Statements P210, P233, P240, P241, P242, P243, P261, P264, P271, P280, P303+P361+P353, P304+P340, P305+P351+P338, P312, P337+P313, P370+P378, P403+P233, P403+P235, P405, P501 UN Identification Number: 1987 Proper Shipping Name: Alcohols Transport Hazard Class: 3 Packing Group: I DOT Placard: What is Denatured Ethanol? Denatured ethanol, also known as denatured alcohol, is ethanol (ethyl alcohol) that has been rendered unfit for human consumption by the addition of denaturants. Denaturants are typically chemicals that make the ethanol taste bad or have toxic effects, and they are added to discourage people from drinking the substance. The denaturation process is done to avoid the high taxes and regulations associated with beverage alcohol, as denatured ethanol is intended for industrial, pharmaceutical, or cosmetic uses rather than for consumption. Common denaturants include heptane, methanol, isopropyl alcohol, acetone, and other chemicals. Denatured ethanol is widely used in various industries, such as in the production of paints, solvents, cleaning products, and as a fuel for alcohol burners. Why is Ethanol Denatured? Ethanol is denatured, or rendered undrinkable, for several reasons: Tax Purposes: Denaturing ethanol allows for the imposition of lower taxes on industrial or non-beverage alcohol compared to potable alcohol. Governments often place higher excise taxes on alcohol intended for human consumption. Regulatory Compliance: Denaturing ethanol is a regulatory requirement to discourage the illegal diversion of tax-free industrial alcohol for beverage use. The addition of denaturants makes it unpalatable and unsafe for consumption. Public Safety: Making ethanol undrinkable helps prevent accidental or intentional ingestion of industrial alcohol, which can be toxic. Denaturing agents are chosen to deter people from attempting to use denatured alcohol as a substitute for beverage alcohol. Industrial Use: Denatured ethanol is widely used in various industries, including pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, and manufacturing. It serves as a solvent, fuel, or raw material in these applications. Common denaturants include substances like heptane, methanol, isopropanol, and various chemicals that make the alcohol unsuitable for human consumption while maintaining its usability in industrial processes. The specific denaturing formulations, such as CDA 12-A mentioned earlier, are defined by regulatory agencies to ensure compliance with safety and tax regulations. What is denatured ethanol used for? Denatured ethanol is used for various industrial and commercial purposes where the alcohol is needed for its properties but should not be consumed. Here are some common applications: Industrial Solvent: Denatured ethanol is widely used as a solvent in industries such as pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, and manufacturing. It is effective in dissolving a variety of substances. Cleaning Agent: Due to its solvent properties, denatured ethanol is used as a cleaning agent for surfaces, equipment, and machinery in industrial and commercial settings. Fuel Additive: Denatured ethanol is sometimes used as a fuel additive, especially in the blending of gasoline. It can improve combustion efficiency and reduce emissions. Paint and Coating Industry: It is used as a solvent in the formulation of paints, varnishes, and coatings. Pharmaceuticals: Denatured ethanol is used in the pharmaceutical industry for various purposes, including the extraction of medicinal compounds. Laboratory Use: In laboratories, denatured ethanol is often used for tasks like sterilization and as a solvent for experiments. Inks and Dyes: It is employed in the production of inks and dyes due to its ability to dissolve pigments. Adhesives and Sealants: Denatured ethanol is used in the formulation of adhesives and sealants. Window Cleaning: It is used in commercial window cleaning solutions. Automotive Industry: In the automotive industry, denatured ethanol is used for cleaning and degreasing. What can be used to denature ethanol? Here are examples of common Completely Denatured Alcohol (CDA) formulations used to denature ethanol: CDA 12-A  To every 100 gallons of alcohol, add either: Five gallons of n-heptane or 5 gallons of toluene. CDA-19  To every 100 gallons of ethyl alcohol (not less than 160 proof), add: 4.0 gallons of either methyl isobutyl ketone, mixed isomers of nitro propane, or methyln-butyl ketone 1.0 gallon of either kerosene, deodorized kerosene, gasoline, unleaded gasoline, rubber hydrocarbon solvent, or heptane. CDA-20 To every 100 gallons of ethyl alcohol (not less than 195 proof), add a total of: 2.0 gallons of either unleaded gasoline, rubber hydrocarbon solvent, kerosene, or deodorized kerosene, or any combination of these. What does CDA mean? Completely Denatured Alcohol (CDA) is a type of denatured alcohol that has been rendered unfit for human consumption by the addition of denaturing agents. Denatured alcohol is ethanol (ethyl alcohol) that has been intentionally adulterated to make it toxic, foul-tasting, or otherwise undrinkable. This denaturing process is done to exempt the alcohol from excise duty and other taxes, as it's not intended for use in beverages. The denaturing agents used in CDA can vary, but they often include chemicals such as methanol, isopropanol, or other substances that make the alcohol unpalatable and potentially harmful if ingested. The specific formulation of denatured alcohol may be regulated by government authorities to ensure it meets safety standards and legal requirements. CDA is commonly used in industrial applications, as a solvent, fuel, or as a cleaning agent. It's important to note that due to the addition of denaturing agents, CDA should not be used for purposes that involve contact with the human body or ingestion. Safety precautions, including proper ventilation, should be followed when working with denatured alcohol. What is CDA 12A? CDA 12-A is a formulation specified by the Alcohol and Tobacco Tax and Trade Bureau (TTB) for Completely Denatured Alcohol (CDA). The formula is defined under §21.26 as Formula No. 12-A. The composition of CDA 12-A is as follows: For every 100 gallons of alcohol, add either: 5 gallons of n-heptane or 5 gallons of toluene. This denaturing process renders the ethanol unfit for consumption while meeting regulatory requirements for various industrial applications. CDA formulations, including CDA 12-A, are used to denature ethanol for purposes such as industrial solvents, cleaning agents, and manufacturing processes. Can you remove heptane from CDA 12A? When n-Heptane is added to ethanol it creates an azeotrope between the ethanol and n-heptane. An azeotrope is defined as a mixture of two liquids that have a constant boiling point and composition through distillation. This azeotrope results in the ethanol and n-heptane evaporating at the same temperature, making it extremely difficult to separate the two through distillation. While these azeotropic solvents are still easily recovered from a botanical extract at a relatively low boiling point around 78C/173F using a rotary evaporator or falling film evaporator, it is near impossible to separate the two via distillation. What is an Azeotrope? An azeotrope is a mixture characterized by having identical concentrations in both its vapor and liquid phases. This stands in contrast to ideal solutions, where one component is usually more volatile than the other, allowing for separation through distillation. When an azeotrope forms, the concentrations in both phases remain the same, hindering separation through traditional distillation methods. Azeotropes consist of a blend of at least two different liquids, and this mixture can exhibit either a higher or lower boiling point than either of its individual components. Azeotropes become relevant when certain liquid fractions resist alteration through distillation processes. In typical mixtures, components can be extracted using Fractional Distillation, a process involving repeated distillation stages. The more volatile component vaporizes and is collected separately, while the less volatile component remains in the distillation container, resulting in two distinct, pure solutions.

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